Page 1713 - Saunders Comprehensive Review For NCLEX-RN

a. Thrombus can be associated with an
inflammatory process.
b. When a thrombus develops,
inflammation occurs, thickening the
vein wall and leading to embolization.
2. Types
a. Thrombophlebitis: Thrombus
associated with vein inflammation
b. Phlebothrombosis: Thrombus without
vein inflammation
c. Phlebitis: Vein inflammation associated
with invasive procedures, such as IV
lines
d. Deep vein thrombophlebitis: More
serious than a superficial
thrombophlebitis because of the risk
for pulmonary embolism

3. Risk factors for thrombus formation

a. Venous stasis from varicose veins, heart
failure, immobility
b. Hypercoagulability disorders
c. Injury to the venous wall from IV
injections; administration of vessel
irritants (chemotherapy, hypertonic
solutions)
d. Following surgery, particularly
orthopedic and abdominal surgery
e. Pregnancy
f. Ulcerative colitis
g. Use of oral contraceptives
h. Certain malignancies
i. Fractures or other injuries of the pelvis
or lower extremities

B. Phlebitis

1. Assessment
a. Red, warm area radiating up the vein
and extremity
b. Pain
c. Swelling
2. Interventions
a. Apply warm, moist soaks as prescribed
to dilate the vein and promote
circulation (assess temperature of soak
before applying).
b. Assess for signs of complications such

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