Page 1826 - Saunders Comprehensive Review For NCLEX-RN

a. Monitor vital signs, especially for
hypotension and tachycardia, which
could indicate bleeding.

b. Provide pressure to the biopsy

site for 30 minutes or as prescribed.
c. Monitor the hemoglobin and hematocrit
levels for decreases, which could
indicate bleeding.

d. Place the client on strict bed rest

in the supine position with a back roll
for additional support for 2 to 6 hours
after the biopsy.

e. Check the biopsy site and under

the client for bleeding.

f. Encourage fluid intake of 1500 to

2000 mL as prescribed.
g. Observe the urine for gross and
microscopic bleeding.
h. Instruct the client to avoid heavy lifting
and strenuous activity for 1 to 2 weeks.
i. Instruct the client to notify the PHCP if
either a temperature greater than 100°
F (37.8° C) or hematuria occurs after
the first 24 hours postprocedure.
III. Acute Kidney Injury

A. Description

1. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the rapid loss of kidney
function from renal cell damage.
2. Occurs abruptly and can be reversible
3. AKI leads to cell hypoperfusion, cell death, and
decompensation of renal function.
4. The prognosis depends on the cause and the condition
of the client.
5. Near-normal or normal kidney function may resume
gradually.
B. Causes
1. Prerenal: Outside the kidney; caused by intravascular
volume depletion such as with blood loss associated
with trauma or surgery, dehydration, decreased
cardiac output (as with cardiogenic shock), decreased
peripheral vascular resistance, decreased

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