Page 1981 - Saunders Comprehensive Review For NCLEX-RN

2. Discomfort or pain on instillation
3. Allergic reaction
C. Interventions
1. Inform the client that burning may occur on
instillation.
2. Be alert to allergic responses to the preservatives in the
lubricants.

VII. Medications to Treat Glaucoma (Box 57-5)

A. Description
1. These medications reduce intraocular pressure by
constricting the pupil and contracting the ciliary
muscle, thereby increasing the blood flow to the
retina and decreasing retinal damage and loss of
vision.
2. These medications open the anterior chamber angle
and increase the outflow of aqueous humor.
3. Some may be used to achieve miosis during eye
surgery.
4. Contraindicated in clients with retinal detachment,
adhesions between the iris and lens, or inflammatory
diseases.
5. Use with caution in clients with asthma, hypertension,
corneal abrasion, hyperthyroidism, coronary vascular
disease, urinary tract obstruction, gastrointestinal
obstruction, ulcer disease, parkinsonism, and
bradycardia.
B. Side effects
1. Myopia
2. Headache
3. Eye pain
4. Decreased vision in poor light
5. Local irritation
C. Adverse effects
1. Flushing
2. Diaphoresis
3. Gastrointestinal upset and diarrhea
4. Frequent urination
5. Increased salivation
6. Muscle weakness
7. Respiratory difficulty
D. Toxicity
1. Vertigo and syncope
2. Bradycardia or other dysrhythmias
3. Hypotension
4. Tremors
5. Seizures
E. Interventions

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