Page 2465 - Saunders Comprehensive Review For NCLEX-RN

membrane.
3. The interstitial edema causes compression and
obliteration of the terminal airways and leads to
reduced lung volume and compliance.

4. The ABG levels identify respiratory acidosis

and hypoxemia that do not respond to an increased
percentage of oxygen.
5. The chest x-ray shows bilateral interstitial and alveolar
infiltrates; interstitial edema may not be noted until
there is a 30% increase in fluid content.
6. Causes include sepsis, fluid overload, shock, trauma,
neurological injuries, burns, DIC, drug ingestion,
aspiration, and inhalation of toxic substances.
7. Assessment
a. Tachypnea
b. Dyspnea
c. Decreased breath sounds
d. Deteriorating ABG levels
e. Hypoxemia despite high concentrations
of delivered oxygen
f. Decreased pulmonary compliance
g. Pulmonary infiltrates
8. Interventions

a. Identify and treat the cause of the acute
respiratory distress syndrome.
b. Administer oxygen as prescribed.
c. Place the client in a Fowler’s position.
d. Restrict fluid intake as prescribed.
e. Provide respiratory treatments as
prescribed.
f. Administer diuretics, anticoagulants, or
corticosteroids as prescribed.
g. Prepare the client for intubation and
mechanical ventilation using PEEP.

2465