Page 288 - Saunders Comprehensive Review For NCLEX-RN

of compensation.
If the condition is a metabolic imbalance, look at the Paco to determine the state
2
of compensation.
Refer to Table 9-4 for laboratory results in partially compensated and
uncompensated conditions.

Practice Questions

54. The nurse reviews the arterial blood gas results of a client and notes the
following: pH 7.45, Paco of 30 mm Hg (30 mm Hg), and HCO – of 20 mEq/L
2
3
(20 mmol/L). The nurse analyzes these results as indicating which condition?
1. Metabolic acidosis, compensated
2. Respiratory alkalosis, compensated
3. Metabolic alkalosis, uncompensated
4. Respiratory acidosis, uncompensated
55. The nurse is caring for a client with a nasogastric tube that is attached to low
suction. The nurse monitors the client for manifestations of which disorder
that the client is at risk for?
1. Metabolic acidosis
2. Metabolic alkalosis
3. Respiratory acidosis
4. Respiratory alkalosis
56. A client with a 3-day history of nausea and vomiting presents to the
emergency department. The client is hypoventilating and has a respiratory
rate of 10 breaths per minute. The electrocardiogram (ECG) monitor displays
tachycardia, with a heart rate of 120 beats per minute. Arterial blood gases
are drawn and the nurse reviews the results, expecting to note which
finding?
1. A decreased pH and an increased Paco 2
2. An increased pH and a decreased Paco 2
3
3. A decreased pH and a decreased HCO –
4. An increased pH and an increased HCO –
3
57. The nurse is caring for a client having respiratory distress related to an
anxiety attack. Recent arterial blood gas values are pH = 7.53, Pao = 72 mm
2
Hg (72 mm Hg), Paco = 32 mm Hg (32 mm Hg), and = 28 mEq/L (28
2
mmol/L). Which conclusion about the client should the nurse make?
1. The client has acidotic blood.
2. The client is probably overreacting.
3. The client is fluid volume overloaded.
4. The client is probably hyperventilating.
58. The nurse is caring for a client with diabetic ketoacidosis and documents that
the client is experiencing Kussmaul’s respirations. Which patterns did the
nurse observe? Select all that apply.
1. Respirations that are shallow

2. Respirations that are increased in rate

288