Page 836 - Saunders Comprehensive Review For NCLEX-RN

feeding and when giving care.
4. Initiate seizure precautions (pad sides of the crib).
5. Provide small frequent feedings and allow a longer
period for feeding.
6. Monitor intake and output.
7. Administer intravenous hydration if prescribed.
8. Protect the newborn’s skin from injury that can be
caused by the constant rubbing from hyperactive
jitters.
9. Swaddle the newborn.
10. Place the newborn in a quiet room and reduce
stimulation.
11. Allow the mother to express feelings such as anxiety
and guilt.
12. Refer the mother for treatment of the substance abuse
problem.

XXIII. Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASDs)

A. Description
1. FASDs are a group of conditions caused by maternal
alcohol use during pregnancy.
2. The disorders are a result of teratogenesis.
3. FASDs cause cognitive and physical delays.
4. Fetal alcohol syndrome is the most severe of the
FASDs. The other disorders included in this category
are alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder
(ARND) and alcohol-related birth defects (ARBDs).
B. Assessment
1. Facial changes (Fig. 27-7)
a. Short palpebral fissures
b. Hypoplastic philtrum
c. Short, upturned nose
d. Flat midface
e. Thin upper lip
f. Low nasal bridge
2. Abnormal palmar creases
3. Respiratory distress (apnea, cyanosis)
4. Congenital heart disorders
5. Irritability and hypersensitivity to stimuli
6. Tremors
7. Poor feeding
8. Seizures
C. Interventions
1. Monitor for respiratory distress.
2. Position the newborn on the side to facilitate drainage
of secretions; initiate seizure precautions.
3. Keep resuscitation equipment at the bedside.
4. Monitor for hypoglycemia.

836