Page 900 - Saunders Comprehensive Review For NCLEX-RN

6. Infants and young children are at increased risk for protein
and calorie deficiency, because they have smaller muscle mass and
less body fat than adults.

Answers

294. Answer: 3

Rationale: Parameters such as vital signs (especially heart rate), urinary output
volume, adequacy of capillary filling, and state of sensorium determine adequacy of
fluid resuscitation. Although options 1, 2, and 4 may provide some information
related to fluid volume, in a burn injury, and from the options provided, adequacy
of capillary filling is most accurate.
Test-Taking Strategy: Note the strategic word, most. Use the ABCs—airway,
breathing, and circulation—to assist in directing you to the correct option.
Level of Cognitive Ability: Evaluating
Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
Integrated Process: Nursing Process—Evaluation
Content Area: Pediatrics: Integumentary
Health Problem: Pediatric-Specific: Burns
Priority Concepts: Evidence; Fluids and Electrolytes
Reference: McKinney et al. (2018), p. 1202.

295. Answer: 1

Rationale: Scabies is a parasitic skin disorder caused by an infestation of Sarcoptes
scabiei (itch mite). Scabies appears as burrows or fine, grayish red, thread-like lines.
They may be difficult to see if they are obscured by excoriation and inflammation.
Purple-colored lesions may indicate various disorders, including systemic
conditions. Thick, honey-colored crusts are characteristic of impetigo or secondary
infection in eczema. Clusters of fluid-filled vesicles are seen in herpesvirus infection.
Test-Taking Strategy: Focus on the subject, clinical manifestations of scabies.
Think about the characteristic of this parasitic skin disorder. Recalling that scabies
infestation produces burrows will assist in directing you to the correct option.
Level of Cognitive Ability: Analyzing
Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
Integrated Process: Nursing Process—Assessment
Content Area: Pediatrics: Integumentary
Health Problem: Pediatric-Specific: Skin Inflammation/Infection
Priority Concepts: Infection; Tissue Integrity
Reference: Hockenberry, Wilson, Rodgers (2017), pp. 180-182.

296. Answer: 4

Rationale: Permethrin is massaged thoroughly and gently into all skin surfaces

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