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in the lead poisoning you’d get if Aqueous Reactions
you ingested lead diacetate.
There are three types of chemical
The combination of a strong acid reactions that occur in water:
(HCl) and a strong base (NaOH) precipitation, acid-base, and redox
neutralize each other (pH = 7) and (oxidation-reduction) reactions.
the ions that are left over do not When a substance is mixed with
react with the water: water (water is the solvent, the
HCl + NaOH H 2O + NaCl substance is the solute), it’s called
an aqueous solution. For example,
If you combine a strong acid and a
salt water is an aqueous solution,
weak base, it will also produce a
and water is the solvent and salt is
salt but not the water. For
the solute.
example, combining hydrochloric
acid (HCl) with ammonia (NH 3): Precipitate reactions are like
watching a snow globe, but the
HCl + NH 3 NH 4Cl
snow appears out of nowhere. For
-
+
HCl (aq) + NH 3(aq) NH 4 (aq) + Cl (aq) example, you can combine two
-
+
NH 4 (aq) + H 2O NH 3 (aq) + H 3O (aq) liquid solution, silver nitrate
(AgNO 3) and salt (NaCl) to get a
The combination of a strong base
solid white precipitate, silver
and weak acid tends to form the
chloride (AgCl).
water without the salt, as the salt
goes back into forming an acid When silver nitrate is dissolved in
product: water, it decomposes into silver
+
-
ions (Ag ) and nitrate ions (NO 3 ).
HClO + NaOH NaClO + H 2O
+
The silver ions (Ag ) combine with
When mixing together a weak base the chlorine ions (Cl ) to form the
-
and a weak acid, the pH is going to silver chloride, which looks like
depend on the pH of each before white snow in your test tube.
you mixed them together
-
+
Ag (aq) + Cl (aq) AgCl (s)
(reactants):
If you were to use potassium
HClO + NH 3 <--> NH 4ClO
bromide (KBr) instead of salt,
When the reverse occurs (salt and you’d find a yellowish snowstorm
water combine to form acids and of silver bromide (AgBr).
bases), you have a hydrolysis
+
Acid-Base reactions donate H
reaction.
-
(protons) and OH ions, as in the
reaction of mixing hydrochloric acid
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