Page 144 - Knowledge Organiser Yr9 24-25

Knowledge Base: Science B2: Organisation in animals Year 9
7. Blood Vessels
7.1
Name the three types of blood vessels.
Arteries, veins, capillaries.
7.2
What is the function of arteries in the body?
To transport high pressure blood away from the heart.
7.3
What is the function of capillaries in the body?
To transport blood from the arteries to the tissues and allow the exchange of substances.
7.4
What is the function of veins in the body?
To transport low pressure blood back to the heart.
7.5
How are arteries adapted to their function?
Thick layer of muscle, thick layer of elastic tissue, narrow lumen.
7.6
How are veins adapted to their function?
Thin layer of muscle, thin layer of elastic tissue, wide lumen, have valves.
7.7
How are capillaries adapted to their function?
One cell thick.
8. Blood
8.1
What is the function of blood?
To transport substances around the body.
8.2
Name the four components of blood.
Red blood cells, white blood cells, plasma, platelets.
8.3
What is the function of red blood cells?
Transport oxygen from the lungs to all the cells in the body.
8.4
How are red blood cells adapted to their function?
Biconcave shape provides a large surface area, no nucleus to carry more oxygen, contain haemoglobin which binds to oxygen.
8.5
What is the function of white blood cells?
Defend against infection.
8.6
How are white blood cells adapted to their function?
Some can change shape to engulf pathogens, some can produce antibodies, some can produce antitoxins.
8.7
What is the function of plasma?
To transport substances.
8.9
Name examples of substances transported in the plasma.
Carbon dioxide, water, glucose, amino acids, fatty acids and glycerol, hormones, antibodies, lactic acid, vitamins, minerals.
8.10
What is the function of platelets?
To help the blood to clot.
144