Page 146 - Knowledge Organiser Yr9 24-25

Knowledge Base: Science B2: Organisation in animals Year 9
10. Coronary Heart Disease
10.1
What is the function of the coronary arteries?
To supply blood to the heart tissue.
10.2
What is coronary heart disease?
Where layers of fatty material build up inside the coronary arteries, narrowing them.
10.3
What can happen to the heart, if the blood flow is restricted causing a lack of oxygen to the heart muscle?
Heart attack.
10.4
How can coronary heart disease be treated?
Stents, statins.
10.5
What is a stent?
A wire mesh tube than can be inserted inside arteries to widen them or keep them open.
10.6
List the advantages of stents.
They are effective for a long time, the recovery time from surgery is relatively quick.
10.7
List the disadvantages of stents
There is a risk of complications during the operation, risk of infection from surgery, risk of developing a blood clot.
10.8
What are statins?
Drugs that can reduce the amount of cholesterol present in the bloodstream.
10.9
List the advantages of statins
Reduce the risk of strokes, coronary heart disease and heart attacks.
10.10
List the disadvantages of statins
They are a long-term drug that must be taken regularly, side effects, it takes time for their effect to kick in.
10.11
What are the consequences of faulty valves in the heart?
Blood doesn't circulate as effectively as normal
10.12
How can faulty heart valves be treated?
Replace the valve with a biological valve or a mechanical valve
10.13
How can doctors treat heart failure?
Heart transplant, artificial heart.
10.14
Name one advantage of artificial hearts.
Less likely to be rejected by the body's immune system than a donor heart.
10.15
List the disadvantages of artificial hearts.
Surgery can lead to bleeding and infection, they don't work as well as healthy natural hearts, requires drugs to thin the blood.
10.16
State the risks associated with surgical intervention in the treatment of heart disease.
Death, rejection of organ transplant, clotting problems, thrombosis, infection.
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