Page 140 - GMAT 2017b_Neatb

Reading Comprehension Test

(A) Its improper utilisation by some companies.
Passage 4 (B) The speed at which innovations are happening.
( C) The expenses involved in developing technology.
From apparel to aerospace, steel to software, the pace of (D) The two approaches to adopting technology.
technological innovation is quickening. No longer can
companies afford to miss a generation of technology and 27. Which of the following has the SAME meaning as the
expect to remain competitive. Adding to the pressure, word “generation” as it has been used in he passage?
innovations are increasingly crossing industry boundaries :
(A) family
a new fibre developed by the medical equipment. Some
(B) class
companies are adept at using a diversity of technologies to ( C) offsprings
create new products that transform markets. But many (D) phase
others are floundering because they rely on a technology
strategy that no longer works in such a fast changing 28. What does the author want to highlight by using the
environment. The difference between success and failure is example “apparel to aerospace” and “steel to
not how much a company spends on research and software”?
development, but how it approaches it. (A) Many industries are trying to improve
There are two possible approaches. Either a company can technology.
invest in R & D that replaces an older generation of (B) His knowlegde about the various industries.
technology - the “break through” approach - or it can focus ( C) The wide spread of technological innovation.
on combining existing technologies into hybrid (D) The speed of the technological innovation.
technologies - the “technology fusion” approach. It blends
incremental technical improvements from several 29. What, according to the author, is “adding to the
previously separate fields of technology to create products pressure” on the companies?
(A) Applicability of technologies of other industries
that revolutionise markets.
to them.
In a world where the old maxim “one technology one (B) Increasing speed of technological innovations.
industry” no longer applies, a singular breakthrough strategy ( C) Work hard on their R & D departments.
is inadequate; companies need to include both the (D) Finding funds for increased R & D activities.
breakthrough and fusion approaches in their technology
strategy. Relying on breakthroughs alone fails because it 30. What is the immediate effect, according to the
focuses the R & D efforts too narrowly ignoring the passage, if a company does not innovate?
possibilities of combining technologies. Yet many Western (A) It closes down.
companies still rely almost exclusively on the breakthrough (B) It ceases to be competitive in the market.
approach. The reasons are complex : a distrust of outside ( C) The prices of its products go up.
innovations, a not-invented-here engineering arrogance, an (D) Its R & D departments close down.
aversion to sharing research results.
31. What, according to the author, is the major drawback
24. Which of the following is FALSE according to the of the “breakthrough” approach of technological
passage? innovation?
(A) Technological innovations is happening at a fast (A) It is expensive to innovate with this approach.
pace. (B) It cannot give answer to modern technological
(B) All technological innovations have applicability in problems.
other industries. ( C) This approach has been overused.
( C) Companies failing to adopt new technology may (D) It does not take in development in other fields.
fail.
(D) Companies which adopt technologies of other
industries have an advantage. 32. Which of the following is the correct way, according
to the author, of spending money on research?
25. Which of the following would correctly reflect the (A) Spend more money on “breakthrough” research.
position regarding the two approaches to technology (B) Spend no money on “breakthrough” research.
adoption? ( C) Spend more money on “technology fusion”
(A) Both the approaches are to be used at the same time. research.
(B) “Breakthrough” approach is only to be used. (D) Spend no money on “technology fusion”
( C) “Technology fusion” approach is only to be used. research.
(D) “Breakthrough approach” is preferable for many
companies. 33. Which of the following has the SAME, meaning as the
word “floundering” as it has been used in the
26. Which of the following features of technology has been passage?
highlighted most prominently by the author of the
passage?
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