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Figure 17: Various suppressors.

easily attached and removed from their host A carbine is a shortened version of a rifle. The
firearm, but some are permanently attached carbine was designed to be a more compact,
to their respective firearm, making the whole maneuverable version of an existing service
firearm a suppressor and, in turn, regulated by firearm that still used rifle caliber cartridges.
the NFA. Suppressors can be permanently at- The carbine design utilizes shorter barrels than
tached to rifles and shotguns to make the barrel their rifle counterparts and replaces fixed stocks
long enough to meet non-NFA requirements with adjustable collapsing and folding units.
and forego the extra transfer fee (the rifle/shot- For example, an M4 rifle has a 14.5” barrel with
gun is not considered an SBR/SBS because a collapsible buttstock and is the carbine ver-
the suppressor makes the barrel legal length). sion of the M16A1 rifle with a 20” barrel. Most
Suppressors are transferred using Form 4 and carbines fit within the 16” barrel and 26” OAL
can be manufactured by individuals using Form requirements for rifles but may also be slightly
1. Suppressors are subject to a $200 transfer fee. short and classified as SBRs.

BULLPUPS, CARBINES, AND The term “carbine” is also used to describe the
SUBMACHINE GUNS armed forces M1 (semi-automatic) and M2 (se-
lect fire) rifles. The M1 is a short, light, limit-
ed-range rifle chambered in .30 Carbine. The
There are a few other types of firearms that are
not specifically regulated by the ATF (because carbine concept is believed to be the brainchild
of David Marshall “Carbine” Williams. He built
they fall under categories that are regulated).
Bullpups and carbines are technically rifles, but his first prototype in the 1930s in a prison ma-
chine shop from scrap material and car parts.
meet the absolute minimum size requirements.
Submachine guns are technically machine guns, The bullpup is a type of firearm design in
but are chambered in pistol calibers. which both the action and magazine are located

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