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MATHIEU ORFILA - regarded as the ‘Father of
Modern Toxicology’. He was the first great 19th-
century exponent of forensic medicine, who
worked to make chemical analysis a routine part of
forensic medicine, and made studies of
asphyxiation, the decomposition of bodies, and
exhumation. He helped to develop tests for the
presence of blood in a forensic context and is
credited as one of the first people to use a
microscope to assess blood and semen stains.

MATRIX – a variable message sign display, made up
of a series of dots (pixels) in a matrix format.
Parameters or symbols are formed by illuminating
different patterns of pixels.

MAX FREI-SULZER - founder of the first Swiss
criminalistics laboratory, developed the tape lift
method of collecting trace evidence.

MAX WEBER - a German sociologist, philosopher and
scientific management theorist. He became famous
with his scientific management approach
on Bureaucracy and his Bureaucratic Theory,
which emphazise division of labor and hierarchy
are important and efficient way to set up an
organization, administration and organizations. He
coined the word bureaucracy.

MAXIMUM RANGE – the farthest distance that a
projectile can be propelled from a firearm. While
the range at which the ordinary pistol and revolver
are supposed to be effective in only 50 to 75 yards,
all of them will send their bullets much further that
and are capable of inflicting fatal wounds at

210 | A T O Z I N C R I M I N O L O G Y