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A2   UP FRONT
               Monday 19 deceMber 2016
              Election questions leave U.S. distrustful, like other nations




            BRADLEY KLAPPER                                                                                                     sway  voter  sentiments.
            Associated Press                                                                                                    It was only 12 years ago
            WASHINGTON  (AP)  —                                                                                                 that  Ukraine’s  eventual
            Americans’       enduring                                                                                           president  became  dis-
            confidence  that  their                                                                                             figured after he mysteri-
            elections    are     unim-                                                                                          ously  ingested  a  lethal
            peachably fair is teeter-                                                                                           poison while campaign-
            ing.  Welcome  to  what                                                                                             ing  against  a  pro-Mos-
            much of the world calls                                                                                             cow candidate.
            reality,  especially  Rus-                                                                                          Many  countries  in  Cen-
            sia’s neighbors.                                                                                                    tral  and  Eastern  Europe
            While  the  United  States                                                                                          live  with  the  memories
            cites  its  popular  votes                                                                                          of   Soviet-manipulated
            and peaceful transitions                                                                                            votes  ushering  in  com-
            of  power  as  examples                                                                                             munist dictatorships.
            of  its  democratic  vigor,                                                                                         For  them,  cyberattacks
            elections  results  else-                                                                                           may be only the newest
            where  can  entail  a  hint                                                                                         weapon.
            or  heavy  dose  of  suspi-                                                                                         Russia  denies  that  it  in-
            cion.  Ballots  are  rigged                                                                                         terferes or plays favorites
            regularly,  level  playing                                                                                          in foreign elections.
            fields  are  rare  and  big-                                                                                        The  United  States  has  a
            ger  powers  often  med-                                                                                            dodgy record itself.
            dle  in  the  sovereign                                                                                             Its  Cold  War  history  in-
            political  processes  of                                                                                            cludes  cases  when  it
            smaller nations.                                                                                                    ensured  the  victory  of
            Russia,  accused  by  the                                                                                           pro-capitalist  and  pro-
            CIA  of  helping  Donald                                                                                            democracy          parties
            Trump  in  last  month’s                                                                                            against  communists,  as
            presidential  election,  is                                                                                         in  Italy  after  World  War
            no  stranger  to  accusa-     In this Nov. 16, 2016 file photo, Hillary Clinton speaks in Washington. Clinton is blaming Russian   II.  In  other  instances,
            tions of interference with    interference for her defeat in the presidential race, casting her campaign as fodder in a long-  Washington’s  response
            other  countries’  elec-      running effort by Russian President Vladimir Putin to discredit the fundamental tenants of American  to  unfavorable  results
            tions.  Nor  is  the  United   government.                                                                          was  coup  d’etat,  as  in
            States.                                                                                            Associated Press   Iran  and  Guatemala  in
            Whether  the  full  extent                                                                                          the  1950s  or  Chile  two
            of  the  accusations  of     to  play  the  Russia/CIA  Before  the  Nov.  8  vote,    and open dissent before      decades later.
            Russian      interference    card.                        he    repeatedly      sug-   and during elections. Af-    These  days,  the  U.S.
            turns out to be true, they     It  would  be  called  gested the election was          rica, Asia and the Middle    stresses  level  playing
            already  are  damaging       conspiracy  theory!”  he  “rigged”  against  him.         East  score  particularly    fields  in  foreign  elec-
            the legitimacy of the U.S.   tweeted this past week.      A  Pew  Research  Cen-       poorly,  and  the  world’s   tions,  a  message  that
            democratic        process.   The  broader,  systemic  ter  survey  shortly  before     most  populous  nation,      less-than-free    govern-
            When many citizens dis-      fear  for  the  U.S.  is  that  Election Day showed 56    China,  remains  a  one-     ments  often  conflate
            trust  their  government,    what  was  an  anomaly  percent  of  Trump  sup-          party  state.  Yet  even     with interference.
            the  media  and  other       in  2000  could  start  be-  porters having little to no   some of Europe’s estab-     Washington  says  it  re-
            institutions  of  American   coming  the  norm:  elec-    trust in the fairness of the   lished  democracies  are   mains strictly impartial as
            life,  doubts  about  the    tions that don’t produce  process. Only 11 percent        appearing  increasingly      other nations make their
            freeness  and  fairness  of   presidents   recognized  of  Clinton  backers  felt      flawed.                      democratic choices.
            the elections cause con-     by one and all.              that way.                    Some fault may reside in     Yet  top  U.S.  officials  still
            sternation.                  Sixteen years ago, it was  While  the  numbers  may       foreign  interference.  In   play  favorites,  meet-
            The  outgoing  Obama         the  disputed  recount  appear  an  anomaly  in           France,  Germany  and        ing  opposition  figures  in
            administration  is  review-  and incredibly close con-    America,  elections  are     the Netherlands, officials   some  countries  but  not
            ing the evidence of Rus-     test  in  Florida  between  hardly beyond reproach        are  preoccupied  with       others.
            sian  hacking  of  emails    Republican  George  W.  in much of the world.             what they see as Russian     In  rare  cases  they  even
            from  the  Democratic        Bush,  the  eventual  win-   Most of the world’s gov-     moves to influence their     take sides, as when Pres-
            Party and Hillary Clinton’s   ner,  and  Democrat  Al  ernments  include  some         elections  through  sup-     ident  Barack  Obama
            campaign  chief  John        Gore.                        form  of  voting  on  na-    port  for  nationalist  and   publicly  urged  Britain’s
            Podesta, and if such ac-     Now,  it  is  the  question  tional  leaders.  But  most   populist  parties,  and  ef-  voters  not  to  leave  the
            tivity  was  designed  to    of  whether  Trump,  who  nations  don’t  qualify  as     forts to delegitimize gov-   European     Union.    He
            tilt the outcome toward      like  Bush  didn’t  receive  “free,” according to the     ernments  that  haven’t      failed.
            Trump.  Republican-led       the majority of votes na-    nongovernmental  orga-       done Moscow’s bidding.       These  efforts,  however,
            investigations are taking    tionwide,  would  have  nization Freedom House.           German officials charge      differ  from  what  Russia
            place in Congress.           prevailed in a race that  The  State  Department          Russia  with  engineering    is accused of doing be-
            Trump  has  denounced        didn’t    include    daily  also chronicles the short-    hacks of Germany’s par-      cause  they  are  out  in
            the  claims  as  partisan-   email  revelations  from  comings of countries in its     liament.                     the  open.  They  do  not
            ship.                        the  anti-secrecy  group  annual reports, detailing       Elsewhere,     the    per-   involve  claims  of  bal-
             “Can you imagine if the     WikiLeaks.                   which governments and        ceived  meddling  has        lot  tampering,  illegal
            election results were the    Trump  may  have  con-       leaders  restrict  freedom   come in the form of false    funding  for  parties  or
            opposite  and  WE  tried     tributed  to  the  distrust.  of  expression,  the  press   news stories designed to   cyberhacking.q
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