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Daftar Isi ix
5.2.1 Faktor Psikososial dan Pengaruh Spiritualitas ................................. 62
5.2.2 Faktor Fisik ......................................................................................... 63
5.2.3 Faktor Sosio-Demografi .................................................................... 64
5.2.4 Faktor Status Kesehatan .................................................................... 66
5.2.5 Makna Kehidupan .............................................................................. 66
5.3 Karakteristik Kesehatan Lansia .................................................................. 66
5.4 Penuaan yang Sehat ..................................................................................... 68
Bab 6 Sumber dan Pendekatan Pendidikan Kesehatan Lansia
6.1 Konsep Pendidikan Kesehatan ................................................................... 71
6.1.2 Tujuan Pendidikan Kesehatan ........................................................... 72
6.1.3 Sasaran Dan Ruang Lingkup Pendidikan Kesehatan ...................... 72
6.2 Pendidikan Kesehatan Pada Lansia ............................................................ 73
6.2.1 Tahapan Pendidikan Kesehatan Pada Lansia ................................... 73
6.2.2 Integrasi Sumber Dan Pendekatan Pendidikan Kesehatan
Lansia Dengan Penurunan Fungsi .................................................... 77
Bab 7 Terapi Modalitas
7.1 Jenis Terapi Modalitas ................................................................................ 81
7.1.1 Electrical Stimulation ........................................................................ 81
7.1.2 Thermal Energy ................................................................................. 83
7.1.3 Ultrasound .......................................................................................... 87
7.1.4 Laser .................................................................................................... 90
Bab 8 Prinsip Pengobatan dan Polifarmasi pada Lansia
8.1 Pendahuluan ................................................................................................. 93
8.2 Pharmakokinetik dan Pharmakodynamik .................................................. 94
8.2.1 Penerapan Obat (Medication Absorption) ....................................... 96
8.2.2 Distribusi Obat .................................................................................... 97
8.2.3 Metabolisme Hati (Hepatic Metabolism) ......................................... 98
8.2.4 Eliminasi Ginjal (Renal Elimination) ............................................... 98
8.3 Prinsip Pengobatan Lansia ......................................................................... 99
8.3.1 Interaksi Antara Obat dan Penyakit .................................................. 99
8.3.2 Interaksi Obat dan Nutrisi .................................................................. 99
8.3.3 Pengobatan Generik ........................................................................... 100
8.3.4 Kepatuhan Pengobatan ...................................................................... 100
8.4 Penatalasanaan ............................................................................................. 101
8.4.1 Pencegahan Primer ............................................................................. 101
8.4.2 Pencegahan Sekunder ........................................................................ 102
