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Christian Europe were the bright ones of the Mohammedan world. In the field of
philosophy the Arabs started by adopting the neo-Platonism they found in Europe, and
gradually working back to Aristotle."

What means the subtle mystery of the phœnix reborn every six hundred years? Faintly
from within the sanctuary of the World Mysteries is whispered the answer. Six hundred
years before Christ the phœnix of wisdom (Pythagoras?) spread its wings and died upon
the altar of humanity, consumed by the sacrificial fire. In Nazareth the bird was again
reborn from its own ashes, only to die upon the tree which had its roots in Adam's skull.
In A.D. 600 appeared Ahmed (Mohammed). Again the phœnix suffered, this time from
the poison of Kheibar, and from its charred ashes rose to spread its wings across the face
of Mongolia, where in the twelfth century Genghis Khan established the rule of wisdom.
Circling the mighty desert of Gobi, the phœnix again gave up its form, which now lies
buried in a glass sarcophagus under a pyramid bearing upon it the ineffable figures of the
Mysteries. After the lapse of six hundred years from the death of Genghis Khan, did
Napoleon Bonaparte--who believed himself to be the man of destiny--contact in his
wanderings this strange legend of the continual periodic rebirth of wisdom? Did he feel
the spreading wings of the phœnix within himself and did he believe the hope of the
world had taken flesh in him? The eagle on his standard may well have been the phœnix.
This would explain why he was moved to believe himself predestined to establish the
kingdom of Christ on earth and is, perhaps, the clue to his little-understood friendliness
toward the Moslem.
p. 193

American Indian Symbolism

THE North American Indian is by nature a symbolist, a mystic, and a philosopher. Like
most: aboriginal peoples, his soul was en rapport with the cosmic agencies manifesting
about him. Not only did his Manidos control creation from their exalted seats above the
clouds, but they also descended into the world of men and mingled with their red
children. The gray clouds hanging over the horizon were the smoke from the calumets of
the gods, who could build fires of petrified wood and use a comet for a flame. The
American Indian peopled the forests, rivers, and sky with myriads of superphysical and
invisible beings. There are legends of entire tribes of Indians who lived in lake bottoms;
of races who were never seen in the daytime but who, coming forth from their hidden
caves, roamed the earth at night and waylaid unwary travelers; also of Bat Indians, with
human bodies and batlike wings, who lived in gloomy forests and inaccessible cliffs and
who slept hanging head downward from great branches and outcroppings of rock. The
red man's philosophy of elemental creatures is apparently the outcome of his intimate
contact with Nature, whose inexplicable wonders become the generating cause of such
metaphysical speculations.

In common with the early Scandinavians, the Indians of North America considered the
earth (the Great Mother) to be an intermediate plane, bounded above by a heavenly
sphere (the dwelling place of the Great Spirit) and below by a dark and terrifying