Page 306 - Nicolaes Witsen & Shipbuilding in the Dutch Golden Age

Notes to chapter 1
Chapter 1
1. The year 1672 was disastrous for the Dutch Republic. England, France, and the German cities Munster and Cologne simultaneously attacked the country. Secretary of State Johan de Witt and his brother Cornelius were killed by a mob in The Hague. If not for the defense of the seaside by Admiral Michiel de Ruyter, the country would surely have been conquered.
2. See J. E. Elias, De vroedschap van Amsterdam, 1578–1799 (1903–1905; repr., Amsterdam: Nico Israel, 1963), 1:544–45.
3. See Marion Peters, “Nicolaes Witsen and Gijsbert Cuper: Two Seventeenth-Century Dutch Burgomasters and Their Gordian Knot,” Lias 16, no. 1 (1989): 111–51; J. F. Gebhard Jr., Het leven van Mr. Nicolaes Cornelisz. Wit- sen, 1641–1717, 2 vols. (Utrecht: Leeflang, 1881–82).
4. Jan van der Waals, “Wankelend wereldbeeld: Onderzoek naar taal, geloof en tijd in rariteitenkabinetten,” in De Wereld binnen Handbereik, Nederlandse Kunsten Rariteiten verzamelingen 1585–1735, ed. E. Bergvelt and R. Kistema- ker, 135–52 (Zwolle: Waanders; Amsterdam: Amsterdams Historisch Museum, 1992).
5. Fernando Oliveira, Livro da fábrica das Naos (facsimile ed., Lisbon: Aca- demia de Marinha, 1991); Joseph Furttenbach, Architectura navalis: Das ist: von dem Schiff-Gebäw, auff dem Meer und Seekusten zugebrauchen . . . (Nurem- berg: J. Saum, 1629); Robert Dudley, Dell’Arcano del Mare (Florence: Francesco Onofri, 1646); Bartolomeo Crescentio, Nautica Mediterranea (Rome: Bartolo- meo Bonfadino, 1607); Edward Hayward, The Sizes and Lengths of Riggings and the Hayward-Kendal Pamphlet Controversy, ed. R. C. Anderson (1655; repr., London: Francis Edwards, 1967).
6. The manuscript is in the collection of the library of the Nederlands Scheepvaartmuseum Amsterdam (Amsterdam Maritime Museum) and has been transcribed by Herman Ketting.
7. For example, Fabrica di Galere, or Libro di marineria, a mid-sixteenth- century manuscript from the Archivo di Stato di Venezia, is known to be a copy of the manuscript of Michele da Rodi (Libro di Michele da Rodi), dated to 1436.
8. See Lars Bruzelius, A Bibliography of Books on Naval Architecture, Rig- ging, and Seamanship Printed 1600–1919 (Upsala: privately printed, 1990).
9. For a modern edition, see Anthony Deane, Deane’s Doctrine of Naval Ar- chitecture, 1670, ed. Brian Lavery (London: Conway Maritime Press, 1981).
10. A second edition of the book was published in 1690, of which only a few have been preserved. In this later edition, the information on the pinas has hardly been touched; a few building specifications have been removed, a “shipbuilding recipe” has been added, and a few figures have been depicted differently. For a discussion of the variants in the two editions, see Diederick Wildeman’s “Variations on Witsen” in the appendix.
11. Reinder Reinders, Cog Finds from the IJsselmeerpolders, Flevobericht 248 (Lelystad: R ksdienst voor de sselmeerpolders, 1985); Peter Throckmorton, History from the Sea: Shipwrecks and Archaeology (London: Mitchell Beazley, 1987).
12. Thijs J. Maarleveld, “Archaeology and Early Modern Merchant Ships: Building Sequence and Consequences. An Introductory Review,” in Rotterdam Papers, vol. 7, A Contribution to Medieval Archaeology: Teksten van lezingen, ge- houden tijdens het symposium “Handel, handelsplaatsen en handelswaar vanaf de Vroege Middeleeuwen in de Lage Landen” te Rotterdam van 2 t/m 3 novem-
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