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literally means one called alongside to help and has the idea of someone who encourages and
exhorts. Abiding has to do with His permanent residence in believers (Rom. 8:9; 1 Cor. 6:19,20;
12:13).
He is the “Spirit of truth” (v. 17) in that He is the source of truth and communicates the truth
to His own (v. 26; 16:12–15). Apart from Him, men cannot know God’s truth (1 Cor. 2:12–16; 1 John
2:20,27). He “dwells with you and will be in you.”This indicates some distinction between the min-
istry of the Holy Spirit to believers before and after Pentecost.While clearly the Holy Spirit has been
with all who have ever believed throughout redemptive history as the source of truth,faith,and life,
Jesus is saying something new is coming in His ministry. John 7:37–39 indicates this unique min-
istry would be like rivers of living water. Acts 19:1–7 introduces some Old Covenant believers who
had not received the Holy Spirit in this unique fullness and intimacy.
He “will teach you all things”(v.26).The Holy Spirit energized the hearts and minds of the apos-
tles in their ministry,helping them to produce the New Testament scriptures.The disciples had failed
to understand many things about Jesus and what He taught;but because of this supernatural work,
they came to an inerrant and accurate understanding of the Lord and His work and recorded it in
the Gospels and the rest of the New Testament scriptures (2 Tim. 3:16; 2 Pet. 1:20,21).

wife came to him, and said to him, “Why is your
JUNE 6 spirit so sullen that you eat no food?”
6 He said to her, “Because I spoke to Naboth
the Jezreelite, and said to him, ‘Give me your
vineyard for money; or else, if it pleases you, I
1 Kings 21:1–22:53
will give you another vineyard for it.’ And he
And it came to pass after these things that answered, ‘I will not give you my vineyard.’ ”
21 Naboth the Jezreelite had a vineyard 7 Then Jezebel his wife said to him, “You now
which was in Jezreel, next to the palace of Ahab exercise authority over Israel! Arise, eat food,
king of Samaria. So Ahab spoke to Naboth, and let your heart be cheerful; I will give you
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saying, “Give me your vineyard, that I may the vineyard of Naboth the Jezreelite.”
have it for a vegetable garden, because it is 8 And she wrote letters in Ahab’s name,
near, next to my house; and for it I will give you sealed them with his seal, and sent the letters
a vineyard better than it. Or, if it seems good to to the elders and the nobles who were
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you, I will give you its worth in money.” dwelling in the city with Naboth. She wrote in
3 the letters, saying,
But Naboth said to Ahab, “The LORD forbid
that I should give the inheritance of my Proclaim a fast, and seat Naboth with
fathers to you!”
high honor among the people; and
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seat two men, scoundrels, before him
to bear witness against him, saying,
“You have blasphemed God and the
21:3 The LORD forbid. Naboth’s words implied king.” Then take him out, and stone
that trading or selling his property would be a him, that he may die.
disregard of the law and thus displeasing in
11 So the men of his city, the elders and
God’s eyes (1 Sam. 24:6; 26:11; 2 Sam. 23:17).
The reason was that the vineyard was his nobles who were inhabitants of his city, did as
ancestral property. The Lord, the owner of all Jezebel had sent to them, as it was written in
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of the land of Israel, had forbidden Israelite the letters which she had sent to them. They
families to surrender ownership of family proclaimed a fast, and seated Naboth with high
lands permanently (Lev. 25:23–28; Num. honor among the people. And two men,
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36:7–9). Out of loyalty to God, Naboth scoundrels, came in and sat before him; and
declined Ahab’s offer. the scoundrels witnessed against him, against
Naboth, in the presence of the people, saying,
“Naboth has blasphemed God and the king!”
So Ahab went into his house sullen and dis-
4 Then they took him outside the city and
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pleased because of the word which Naboth the stoned him with stones, so that he died. Then
Jezreelite had spoken to him; for he had said, “I they sent to Jezebel, saying, “Naboth has been
will not give you the inheritance of my fathers.” stoned and is dead.”
And he lay down on his bed, and turned away 15 And it came to pass, when Jezebel heard
his face, and would eat no food. But Jezebel his that Naboth had been stoned and was dead, that
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