Page 18 - Apollo - Industrial Applications Guide

INTRODUCTION:

The type of fuels discussed herein are all in the gaseous state and therefore
are much more susceptible to violent explosive reactions when exposed to the TYPES:
right air mixture, and an ignition source. Since these materials are compressible,
the energy release can be considerably more violent than when they are in a Natural Gas
liquid state.
Propane
Hydrogen
CHARACTERISTICS: Butane
Oxygen
Most of these gases are clean, but some can contain harmful by-products such Methane
as H S (Hydrogen Sulfide) in Natural Gas which is very corrosive and requires Acetylene
2
careful selection of the materials used for the valves; water, sand, rocks, etc.
may also be present in the gas as it is extracted. Hydrogen can present serious
problems due to embrittlement and/or stress corrosion cracking, so care
should be taken when selection materials of construction; as the temperature
of Hydrogen is increased the effect on materials is much more aggressive. MARKETS:
Methane, as extracted from a land fill, can contain some entrained solids;
whereas, the synthetic gases tend to be relatively trouble free if the right trim LNG
materials are selected. Metering Stations
Processing Plants – Fuel Systems
Power Plant Fuel Systems
GENERAL NOTE: Some corrosive applications may have Fugitive Emissions requirements. Refinery Furnace Fuel Systems
Note that valves utilized for these types of services should be equipped with both internal Synthetic Gas Plants
and external grounding devices in order to avoid a static discharge that could ignite the
media. Some of the listed media can at times be in a liquid state. It is important to remember
to utilize vented valves to prevent over pressurization of the valve cavity. Refer to the Vented
Valves – Bodies, Balls Top & Side section of this literature for better understanding of the
requirement.

MATERIALS:
Bronze
Carbon Steel
Stainless Steel

It is always good to check compatibility/
acceptability of selected materials based off specific
application data like concentrations, temperatures
and pressures.

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