Page 10 - Carbon Frauds and Corruption
P. 10

CARBON FRAUD No laughing matter...



                                             THE CARBON WORLD IS HIGH RISK
          Banking & the "Carbon World"
                                             We could not agree more. The detailed risk catalogues and control matrices developed by
                                             Cobasco Group Limited are proprietary but are available to Clients. They go beyond the
                                             approach suggested under Sarbanes-Oxley on which the following assessment is based.

                                                        CONTROL
                                                      ENVIRONMENT
                               Regulatory Framework                  Tone from the Top
                                   Sanctions                                 Ethical Consistency

            Monitoring & Investigation                                              Credibility



                 Fraud Detection                                                         Stability



          Control Resources                                                                 Targets and Metrics



            DETERRENCE                                                                             RISK
                                                                                               ASSESSMENT



                 Compliance                                                                  Assets control


                   Authorisation                                                         Awareness & Intelligence


                          Processes                                                 Integration


                                     Policies                                High risk contexts
                                       Accountability                Anti-corruption controls
                                                         CONTROL
                                                       STRATEGIES




                                             The above figure assesses the control environment of the financial markets in 2007
                                             and 2008 immediately prior to their collapse (Orange shading) and the state of the
                                             'Carbon World' (Yellow shading) today. The nearer a factor is to the outer circle, the better.
                                             Every participant in the Carbon World is exposed to fraud, involving a variety
                                             of potential perpetrators.



                                              Cap and trade schemes are a “zero sum game” in which those
                                              who falsify results benefit immediately. They also gain longer
                                              term advantages over their competitors.










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