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52 Kristen Graham and Wendy Ruderman, “Mold at Philly school ‘the tip of the toxic iceberg’?” Philly.com, October 19, 2017,
https://www.philly.com/philly/education/mold-at-philly-school-the-tip-of-the-toxic-iceberg-20171019.html.

53 “Allergic Kids in the Classroom,” American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology, Science Daily, June 16, 2014,
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/06/140616130451.htm.

54 Stuart Abramson et al., “Allergens in School Settings: Results of Environmental Assessments in 3 City School Systems,” Journal
of School Health, 76(6): 246-249, August 2006, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1599794/
55 Umair Irfan, “It’s not your imagination. Allergy season gets worse every year,” Vox, April 11, 2019,
https://www.vox.com/2019/4/8/18300342/pollen-season-2019-allergies-climate-change.
56 Mary Ellen Flannery, “Vaping in Schools: 3 Million Students and Counting,” November 14, 2018, NEA Today,
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57 “Vaping Surges: Largest Year-to-Year Increase in Substance Use Ever Recorded in the U.S. for 10th and 12th Grade Students,”
Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, December 17, 2018,
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58 “Quick Facts on the Risks of E-cigarettes for Kids, Teens, and Young Adults,” U.S. Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention, https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/basic_information/e-cigarettes/Quick-Facts-on-the-Risks-of-E-cigarettes-for-Kids-
Teens-and-Young-Adults.html.

59 “How Parents Can Prevent Exposure to Thirdhand Smoke,” American Academy of Pediatrics, https://www.healthychildren.
org/English/health-issues/conditions/tobacco/Pages/How-Parents-Can-Prevent-Exposure-Thirdhand-Smoke.aspx.
60 Jeremy E. Drehmer, MPH, et al., “Guidance for the Clinical Management of Thirdhand Smoke Exposure in the Child Health

Care Setting,” Journal of Clinical Outcomes Management, 24(12): 551–559, December 2017,
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61 Caroline Halsted and Alex Pew, “Third-Hand Smoke,” National Center for Health Research,
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62 Courtney Tanner, ‘We haven’t had anything like this before’: Norovirus has spread to at least 10 schools in Salt Lake County,”
The Salt Lake Tribune, September 19, 2018, https://www.sltrib.com/news/education/2018/09/19/we-havent-had-anything/.
63 Ellen Garrison, “Yolo County declares end of norovirus outbreak,” The Sacramento Bee, June 12, 2017,
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64 Grace Tung-Thompson et al., “Aerosolization of a Human Norovirus Surrogate, Bacteriophage MS2, during Simulated
Vomiting,” PLOS One, August 19, 2015, https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0134277.

65 “Vomiting device offers direct evidence that vomit aerosolizes norovirus-like particles,” North Carolina State University,
https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2015-08/ncsu-vdo080315.php.

66 “Prevent the Spread of Norovirus,” U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
https://www.cdc.gov/features/norovirus/index.html.
67 Emily Sohn, “Here’s why they call strep ‘an occupational disease of schoolchildren,’” Washington Post, January 23,
2017, https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/heres-why-they-call-strep-an-occupational-disease-of-
schoolchildren/2017/01/20/046ffb18-ce0d-11e6-a747-d03044780a02_story.html?utm_term=.b30e3dcfe749.
68 “Pharyngitis (Strep Throat),” U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
https://www.cdc.gov/groupastrep/diseases-hcp/strep-throat.html.

69 Laura R. Marks, Ryan M. Reddinger, and Anders P. Hakansson, “Biofilm Formation Enhances Fomite Survival of Streptococcus
pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes,” Infection and Immunity, 82(3): 1141–1146, March 2014,
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70 “Toys, books, cribs harbor bacteria for long periods, study finds,” State University of New York at Buffalo, December 26,
2013, https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-12/uab-tbc122613.php.

71 “Mold Cleaning Continues At Holly Glen, One Year After Closure,” CBS Philly, September 20, 2018,
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72 Taylor Swaak ,“Flu Epidemic Has Closed Schools in at Least 12 States,” Newsweek.com, January 24, 2018,
https://www.newsweek.com/flu-season-school-districts-closed-states-788942.

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