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RESOURCE AND COST FRAMEWORKS 57

Figure 2.1b Project Milestone Schedule—Design–Construct Project

1995 1996

ID Task Name D J F M A M J J A S O N D J FMA M J J A SON D
1 DESIGN
2 Conceptual Design
3 Detailed Design
4 As-Builts
5 PROCUREMENT
6 Long Lead Components
7 Other Major Components
8 Installation Materials
9 CONSTRUCTION
10 Site Preparations
11 Excavations
12 Foundations
13 Mechanical Components
14 Electrical Components
15 Piping Systems
16 Wiring Systems

If possible, you will wish to set up a resource hierarchy, so that resources can be
put into groups. Fortunately, most of the commercial project management soft-
ware programs now support this feature, as well as some kind of cost account
numbering system.

If you intend to use any performance measurement procedures, you will need
to establish a structured basis for subdividing the project into collective elements
that are meaningful to those people who are interested in the project perfor-
mance results. Most programs provide at least one data field that can be used to
define a code of accounts to the system.

Trap Effective cost management, through the utilization of
project management software systems, is an elusive objective.
The integration of work measurement (schedule progress) and
cost measurement, the main ingredients required for project
performance measurement and control, is built into most proj-
ect management software products. Yet the system users do
not often achieve that potential. There are three significant
causes of this failure: