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Symposia
Biography moment. Utilizing the coefficients that determine the OML as design
variables and these aerodynamic metrics as outputs, the Predictive
Dr. Marcus L. Young is the Associate Chair for the Undergraduate Degree Parameterized Pareto Genetic Algorithm (P3GA) is implemented to obtain
Program and an Associate Professor in the Department of Materials a capability model describing the morphed configurations that optimize
Science and Engineering at the University of North Texas (UNT), joining lift-to-drag ratio for all flight conditions. This study simultaneously shows
the faculty following a two year position as a research metallurgist at ATI that camber morphing airfoils are capable of producing higher lift-to-drag
Wah Chang, a large metal supplier company. Dr. Young received a B.F.A. ratios at almost every combination of parameter values and that
in Sculpture and a B.F.A. in Ceramics from UNT and was the sole parametric optimization is capable of providing more information in less
proprietor of a ceramics business before returning to school, where he time when compared to conventional optimization techniques.
received a B.S. in Metallurgical and Materials Science Engineering from
Colorado School of Mines and a PhD in Materials Science Engineering Biography
from Northwestern University (NU). Dr. Young’s PhD research was
supported by Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), where he spent a Darren J. Hartl received his BS in Aerospace Engineering in 2004 and
significant time working at the Advanced Photon Source (APS). Following Ph.D. in Aerospace Engineering in 2009, both from Texas A&M University.
his education, Dr. Young worked as an Andrew W. Mellon Foundation He currently holds an Assistant Professor position at Texas A&M in his
Post-doctoral Research Fellow with the Art Institute of Chicago and NU for home department, and his work bridges the topics of advanced
one year and then as an Alexander von Humboldt Foundation Post- multifunctional material systems and their integration into aerospace
doctoral Research Fellow at Ruhr University in Bochum, Germany for more platforms. After over three years as a Research Assistant Professor at
than two years. At UNT, Dr. Young’s research group is focused on the Texas A&M, Dr. Hartl accepted joint appointments working at the Air Force
development, processing, and characterization of structural metallic Research Laboratory (AFRL) in the Materials and Manufacturing
materials, specifically shape memory alloys and complex concentrated Directorate and Aerospace Systems Directorate. At Texas A&M, Dr. Hartl
alloys, and their porous and composite counterparts. In addition, Dr. maintains a large and active research team consisting of approximately 25
Young’s research group is focused on examining modern and ancient art graduate, undergraduate, and postdoctoral researchers. Darren has over
historical objects with the Dallas Museum of Art as well as several other 16 years of experience working with shape memory alloys and morphing
local and national museums. structures and his efforts have included both experimental and theoretical
studies. Since 2006, Darren has co-authored 147 technical publications on
SYMPOSIUM 3 the topics of active materials modeling, testing, and integration into
morphing structures. He has given over 25 invited talks or seminars (10
AERODYNAMIC ADVANTAGES OF UTILIZING CAMBER MORPHING international) and has taught short courses on SMA theories in the US,
WINGS FOR LIGHTWEIGHT AIRCRAFT Europe, and Asia. Since 2014, he has served as an Associate Editor for the
Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures. He was recently
selected as the 2016 recipient of the ASME Gary Anderson Early
Achievement Award.
Darren Hartl
Assistant Professor
Department of Aerospace Engineering
Texas A&M University
Abstract 17
Distributed shape morphing is intended to replace or complement
traditional control surfaces by continuously changing the outer mold line
(OML) of an aircraft for improved aerodynamic performance, but this
disruptive technology presents a set of technical challenges that must be
considered for general aviation. These include the determination of the
optimal shape from among the set of all feasible morphed shapes for
changing flight conditions in real time. This work considers optimized
morphed shape scheduling for a lightweight aircraft. Specifically, a
rectangular aircraft wing with four spars and a NACA0012 airfoil as
represented via the Class/Shape Transformation (CST) method is
considered. Structural constraints are included in the CST formulation to
ensure feasible morphed configurations that are compatible with response
of the internal structural components. For each generated geometry a
low-fidelity aerodynamic solver is used to calculate lift, drag, and pitching
