Page 205 - Caribbean-Central America Profile 2018

CANADA

CARIBBEAN-CENTRAL AMERICA PROFILE 2018

The New Democratic Party, led by Thomas Rail: Canadian railways handle 270 million ELECTRICITY
Mulcair, won 44 seats, becoming the third- metric tones of freight annually, much of A safe, secure, reliable, sustainable and
largest party in the House of Commons. Minor it moving between Canada and its NAFTA competitively-priced supply of electricity is
parties won 11 seats: The Bloc Québécois won partners. The two major carriers in Canada, essential to Canada’s prosperity. Canada’s
10 seats and the Green Party one seat. The next Canadian Pacific Railway and Canadian
Federal election is due in 2020. National Railways, cover a combined 53,000 electrical generation industry is unique in
kilometres (33,000 miles) from Vancouver to the world in the dominance of hydro in the
GOVERNMENT LEADERS overall mix. However, the overall mix masks
Governor General Halifax, Montreal to New Orleans and Calgary very considerable regional variations. In most
Her Excellency Julie Payette to Houston. provinces generation is either dominated by
Rideau Hall
1 Sussex Drive SEA hydro or by fossil fired thermal although in
Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0A1 Sea Ports: More than 300 commercial ports some such as Ontario there is a more diverse
Canada and harbours move local and global goods mix. As well, in Ontario nuclear power plays
Tel: (613) 993-8200 in Canada. The Atlantic, Arctic and Pacific a key role.
Fax: (613) 998-8760 oceans surround Canada’s three coasts. Canada
is also home to the world’s longest inland
Prime Minister Most of the Canadian industry remains in public
Justin Trudeau waterway open to shipping—the Great Lakes ownership with some notable exceptions. Much
Office of the Prime Minister / St. Lawrence Seaway—the industrial heart of the industry in Alberta is investor owned
80 Wellington Street of North America. Major international ports although EPCOR is an important exception.
Ottawa K1A 0A2 include Halifax, Montreal and Vancouver. Nova Scotia Power is a wholly owned subsidiary
Canada Western Canadian ports offer the shortest sailing
Fax: (613) 941-6900 distance from North America to the Asia-Pacific of Emera, an investor-owned company. Parts
E-mail: pm@pm.gc.ca region, providing a sailing-time advantage of of the industry in several provinces (e.g. West
approximately two days over all other locations Kootenay Power in BC, Newfoundland Power,
EDUCATION in the Western Hemisphere. and Maritime Electric in PEI) are investor
Education in Canada is provided, funded and owned but Provincial Crown Corporations
overseen by federal, provincial, and local AIR still dominate the generation and transmission
governments. Education is within provincial Airports: Canada has over 300 airports, 10 components of the industry.
jurisdiction and the curriculum is overseen by of them major international centres. Toronto
the province. Education is generally divided into is the busiest airport in the country, serving as Within the category of public ownership,
Elementary (Primary School, Public School), an east-west hub and handling roughly half of municipal ownership is prominent in several
followed by Secondary (High School) and Post all passenger traffic. Canadian airports process
Secondary (University, College). Within the some 60 million travellers and 1,500 metric tons places most notably Ontario where utilities
provinces under the ministry of education, there of merchandise. such as Toronto Hydro and Hydro Ottawa are
are district school boards administering the municipally owned. EPCOR in Alberta is
educational programs. Education is compulsory INFORMATION AND owned by the City of Edmonton.
up to the age of sixteen in every province in
Canada, except for Ontario and New Brunswick, COMMUNICATIONS The following are the regulatory bodies with
where the compulsory age is eighteen. In some TECHNOLOGIES responsibility in each province:
provinces early leaving exemptions can be Canada has been a world leader in wireless
granted under certain circumstances at fourteen. communications since the first trans-Atlantic • British Columbia: Public Utilities Commission.
Canada generally has 190 school days in the wireless message was transmitted from • Alberta: Energy and Utilities Board (EUB).
year, officially starting from September to the Newfoundland in 1901. The breadth and depth • Saskatchewan: Province of Saskatchewan.
end of June. of Canadian wireless expertise is exceptional. • Manitoba: Province of Manitoba and
Canada’s wireless carriers invest more than one Public Utilities Board.
INFRASTRUCTURE billion dollars in mobile phone communications • Ontario: Ontario Energy Board.
TRANSPORTATION infrastructure each year. Canada is an important • Québec: Régie de l’énergie.
Canada has a sophisticated infrastructure and a destination for global network infrastructure
highly developed transportation network. • New Brunswick: Provincial Government.
providers wanting to undertake core R&D • Nova Scotia: Utility Review Board.
LAND activities. Its major wireless clusters include • Prince Edward Island: Regulatory and
Roads: At roughly 1.4 million kilometers long, Toronto, Montréal and Vancouver. Canadian Appeals Commission of PEI.
Canada boasts the greatest road network on companies, universities and governments wok • Newfoundland and Labrador:
earth. The Trans Canada Highway, the longest together to ensure Canada continues to build on Commissioners of Public Utilities.
highway in the world, links all 10 provinces and its strong leadership in wireless technology.
is fully integrated with the US road network, • Yukon: Yukon Utility Board.
including 18 major border crossings that Wireless networks cover more than 1.3 million • Northwest Territories: Public Utilities
accommodate nearly 70% of Canada’s trade square km. Canada’s wireless carriers offer Board.
with its southern neighbour. coverage to more than 98% of Canadians. • Nunavut: Government of Nunavut.

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