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HOW TO USE THIS HANDBOOK xviiOther terms you may hear are: Bi-Directional Amplifiers (BDAs), Signal Boosters, Repeaters, Distributed Antenna Systems (DAS)These terms are often used interchangeably to describe ERCES. These are actually the names of active components or system architectures. Chapter 12 ERCES ACTIVE COMPONENTS explains the distinctions among these equipment types. When referring to In-Building Public Safety Communications SYSTEMS, it is best to call them Emergency Responder Communication Enhancement System, or by using the acronym ERCES.Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ)As defined in NFPA%u00ae1 standard, the Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ) is an organization, office, or individual responsible for enforcing the requirements of a code or standard, or for approving equipment, materials, an installation, or a procedure. Therefore, this could be a variety of authorities with respect to an ERCES project.For the purposes of this handbook, when we say AHJ, we mean those responsible for enforcement of codes and standards, and who is most commonly the jurisdiction%u2019s main point of contact for an ERCES project.Frequency License Holder (FLH)All radio networks operate under the rules and spectrum grants offered by the FCC within the US. Other countries have other spectrum rule making and coordination bodies such as ISED in Canada. According to the rules set down by these government agencies the frequency license holder is the only one authorized to provide permission to retransmit their licensed frequencies.Within local governments these license holders may be referred to as several different names such as: Jurisdiction Radio Operations, Radio Systems Administrators, Regional Radio Authority. These are the professionals who have operational responsibility for public safety radio networks.Within this handbook, we refer to them as the Frequency License Holder (FLH)System Integrator (SI)Within this handbook, we use this term to refer to the industry professionals who design, install, test, and maintain ERCES. Sometimes multiple companies are involved in the installation of an ERCES. Design and engineering, cable installation, and final commissioning are examples of tasks that may be subcontracted to others by the SI. But the SI is the one with the primary responsibility to assure the ERCES installation is on time, adheres to code, and works as intended by the AHJ.Other Conventions Used in this Book%u2022 UPPERCASE is used for defined terms or when chapter titles are referenced.%u2022 Web site URLs generally provide the web address to the main site where a web reference may be found, stripping away http:// prefixes, sub-domains, or long complicated link names. These URLs will be easily identified by starting with www or https and will be underlined. When practical there will be a Look Online icon in the margin.%u2022 Emphasis is provided with bold or bold italicized text using the same font as the main body text.%u2022 Excerpts from Codes and Standards are placed on bordered text blocks with a colored background. NFPA, IFC, IBC, UL, OSHA or similar will have the Codes & Standards icon in the page margin.%u2022 FCC Rules are identified by the same border and background color as codes and standards and will have the FCC Icon in the margin.%u2022 Best Practices will have the text highlighted in the same color as the Rules and Codes call-outs but with the Best Practice Checkmark icon in the margin.1NFPA%u00ae, National Fire Protection Association%u00ae, and the NFPA %u201cflame in square%u201d logo are registered trademarks of the National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA.