Page 189 - LECTURETTE TOPICS eBOOK

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• The expenditure per student at primary level is Rs 2811 in rural areas as
compared to Rs 10083 in urban areas.

• A majority of the rural population is dependent on agriculture. The farmers are
suffering from a number of problems like the use of traditional technologies,
lack of proper credit facilities etc. Since agriculture forms the backbone of the
Indian economy and specifically rural areas, this sector needs attention.

• The unemployment rate is about 7.9% in rural areas and this is a serious
problem.
• Lack of proper sanitation and hygiene. There are still places in India where
there is open defecation.
• The internet penetration rate is low in rural areas and the people are still not
acquainted with the latest technologies.
• The poor people in rural areas are still dependant on the unorganized sector
for credit.

Schemes and initiatives
• Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana for development of rural roads.
• Swarnjayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana for developing self- employment
opportunities in rural areas.
• Indira Awaas Yojana for housing benefits to rural areas.
• MGNREGA: Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act for
providing 100 days of guaranteed wage employment in a year.
• Mission Antyodya for poverty reduction and raising incomes
• About 2.5 lakh villages have been made defecation free under Swatch Bharat
Mission.

• A number of skill development and training programmes are being run for rural
entrepreneurship.
• NABARD ie. National Bank for Agriculture and Rural development is the apex
institution working for agricultural credit facilities.

Conclusion

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