Page 275 - LECTURETTE TOPICS eBOOK

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• Michigan was the first country to abolish capital punishment in 1846.

• Some of the most developed countries practice capital punishments. These
include USA, Japan, Russia etc. Ironically, these countries are high on Human
Development index!
• China is said to be the most active country to be practicing capital
punishments.
Capital Punishments in India

In India, capital punishments have very rarely been practiced. The Indian Penal code
provides for death penalties in case of murders, waging war against the nation,
dacoits etc. The manner, motive, magnitude of crime etc are all considered before
declaring execution of the criminal. However, the president of India has the power to
give a respite to the criminal from the death sentence. In 2015, the law commission
of India suggested that it should be abolished except for terrorism cases. Ranga Billa
case, Laxman Nayak case, Indira Gandhi and Rajiv Gandhi assassination case,
Yakub Menon case etc are the most significant cases in India where capital
punishments were given.
Capital punishments have not been completely abolished in India. Recently, the
Indian law approved death penalties for people raping children below 12 years of
age.
Types of capital punishments
While in the ancient period, when capital punishments were legal almost everywhere
the methods involved crushing by animals, burying alive, boiling to death etc. the
recent and modern form of capital punishments include the following

• Hanging: Used by India, Singapore etc.
• Shooting: Practiced by Russia, Indonesia etc.
• Electrocution: USA and Philippines have been said to use this method of
death penalty
• Lethal injections: USA, China etc. have used this method.
• Gas inhalation: USA and Lithuania have practiced this method.
• Beheading: This may involve the use of a sword like in Saudi Arabia.

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