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TOPIC -8

Reservation System in India

Quick Facts to remember:

• Reservation system is governed by the constitution of India, statutory laws
and local regulations.
• The SC (Scheduled Caste), ST (Scheduled Tribes) OBC (Other backward
classes) and some other backward classes in the Muslim community
under BC(M) are the major beneficiaries under this law.
• Reservation system is exercised in various public sector units such as
Govt jobs, enrollment in higher educational institutes, union and state civil
services.
• India’s affirmative action program was launched in 1950.

Introduction

The reservation system in India was brought into effect with the objective of
uplifting the socially backward classes and providing equal opportunities to those
who because of the social and cultural reasons got neglected. It was introduced
to uplift the socially and educationally backward communities who inadequately
represent in such services. Dr B R Ambedkar was made head of the drafting
committee of the Indian Constitution. After Independence the govt of India listed
some backward groups as SC and ST. These groups had been historically
oppressed and denied equality because of the ancient Indian Caste system.
Earlier the govt had reserved 15% vacancies in govt educational institutes and
7.5% in jobs. The situation was to be reviewed after 5 years.

As this system got linked with the vote bank and caste politics, the period got
extended without any revisions and later on reservation or quota system was
introduced in other govt. bodies as well. According to the Supreme Court ruling

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