Page 198 - General Knowledge

GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 2019

 (d) Independence of High Court
 (e) Jurisdiction and Powers of High Court.

PANCHAYAT RAJ
PANCHAYATS
 Panchayats constitute functional institutions of grassroots governance in villages.
 The Balwant Rai Mehta Committee starts on Jan 1957.
 The PRIs could not develop as it was expected to do so.
 In 1977 the government appointed Ashok Mehta committee.
 LM Singhvi committee (1986) recommended Constitutional Status for local bodies.

73rd AMENDMENT ACT
 This act was inserted in 1992.
 Salient features
 The terms of the Panchayats are five years unless dissolved earlier.

 Seats shall be compulsorily reserved for scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.
 There is a Provision of State Finance Commission to review financial position.
 One-third of the seats is reserved for women.
 Three Tier system.
(a) Village Panchayat

 It consists of elected representatives of the people.
 Its membership varies from 5-31.
 The reservation for SC, ST and Women.
 Chairman is Sarpanch is elected in a manner.
 It has to answer Gram Sabha for all its actions.

(b) Block and Panchayat Samiti
 The block consists of 20-60 villages.
 It is governed by the elected members of the Village.
 It is called as Panchayat Samiti.

(c) Zila Parishad
 Members of the Zila Praishad are elected from the district by direct election.

MUNICIPALITIES
 The constitution of India provides the provision of local self-government.
 The constitution provides for three types.
 Nagar Panchayat-for areas in transition from rural to urban.
 Municipal Council- is for smaller urban area.
 Municipal corporation- is for larger urban area.

MISCELLANEOUS
Comptroller and Auditor General of India
 The constitution of India provides for an independent office of CAG.
 He is the guardian of the public purse and audit.
 His duty is to uphold the constitution of India and laws parliament in the field of financial
administration.

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