Page 302 - General Knowledge

GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 2019

 If the cohesive forces are weak and the atoms have considerable movement with respect to
each other, the matter is in the liquid or gaseous state.
 So the further apart the atoms are from each other, the smaller the cohesive forces.
 Temperature greatly affects the average position of the particles (atoms or molecules) with
respect to each other and so determines whether they are going to be solid, liquid or gas.
 Many solid properties depend on:
 Temperature
 Interatomic bonds
Changing Temperature, Changing Density

 Temperature is a measure of how fast the particles of a substance are moving (fast
movement has higher temperatures, slow movement has lower temperatures
 Density is the mass of a known volume of a substance, usually measured in grams per cubic
2
centimeter (g/cm3) .
 A measure of mass per unit of volume. Most matters increases in volume when it gets
hotter.
 For example, if an iron rod is heated, it will get longer and fatter and its density will
decrease.
 This happens because the mass of the rod stays the same, but its volume increases.
 The increase in the volume of matter with increasing temperature is called expansion.
 When cooled down, most matter decreases in volume and increases in density. This
decrease in volume is called contraction.
Mass
 Mass is the quantity of the matter in a substance. We show mass with m, and units of mass
can be gram (g) or kilogram (kg).
 It is not the distinguishing property but common property of matters, because different
matters can have same mass.
Inertia
 Inertia is one of the properties of matter. It is the resistance of the matter to change its state
of motion.
 An unbalanced force can only change the state of motion of the matter.

Weight
 The weight of an object is the force of gravity on the object and may be defined as the mass
times the acceleration of gravity,
.
 Since the weight is a force, its SI unit is the Newton. Density is mass/volume.

Volume
 Volume is the quantity of three-dimensional space enclosed by a closed surface, for
example, the space that a substance (solid, liquid, gas, or plasma) or shape occupies or
contains.
 Volume is often quantified numerically using the SI derived unit, the cubic metre.

Fluid
 A fluid is a substance that continually deforms (flows) under an applied shear stress.

298 | P a g e shop.ssbcrack.com