Page 46 - General Knowledge
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GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 2019
In 1528, Battle of Chanderi, defeated another ruler Medini Raj.
In 1529, Battle of Ghaghra, he defeated Afghans under Muhammed Lodhi.
Died in 1530. His biography was written in Turkish language as ‗Tuzuk-i-Baburi or
Baburnamah‘.
Humayun (1530-40 & 1555-56)
Born in 1507 in Kabul, son of Babur and Mahim Begum.
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On 29 December 1530, became the Mughal emperor at the age of 23.
Divided the Empire among his three brothers – Askari, Hindal and Kamran.
In 1539, Battle of Chausa, he was defeated for the first time by Shershah Suri.
In 1540, Shershah defeated Humayun in the battle of Kanauj and founded Sur dynasty.
The period from 1540 to 1555 – known as the period of temporary eclipse.
His biography was written by his sister, Gulbadan Begum as ‗Humayun Namah‘.
Built Dinpanah in Delhi on 1533.
Akbar the Great (1556-1605)
Jalaluddin Muhammed Akbar, son of Humayun and Hamida Banu Begum.
Born in Amarkot in 1542.
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At Kalanur, age of 14 he came to the throne on 14 February, 1556.
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In the second battle of Panipat he killed Hemu on 2 November 1556.
After dismissing Bairamkhan, he became an independent ruler in 1560.
Later he married Salima Begum.
In 1561, defeated Baz Bahadur, Sultan of Malwa.
In 1562, he married Joda Bhai, daughter of Raja Bharmal.
In 1572, captured Gujarat and built new capital city Fathepur Sikri (city of victory) near
Agra.
In 1575, constructed prayer house Ibadatkhana, in Fathepur Sikri.
In 1585, Ralph Fitch visited his court.
In 1576 he defeated Maharana Pratap in the Battle of Haldighat.
Died in 1605.
Maintained scholastic assembly in his court. They are as follows:
Abul Fazul: Historian who wrote Akbar‘s biographical works Ain-i-Akbari and Akbar
Namah
Abul Faizi: Abul‘s brother and Persian poet. Translated Mahabharata as ‗Razam Namah‘
in Persian.
Mian Tansen: Court musician, Ramtanu was his original name. Composed Raga,
Rajdarbari in honour of Akbar.
Birbal: Akbar‘s court jesterwhose real name was Mahesh Das.
Raja Todar Mal: Akbar‘s finance minister. Translated Bhagavata Purna into Persian.
Man Singh: Military commander of Akbar‘s court.
Badauni: Historian who translated Ramayana into Persian.
Tulsidas: Hindi poet who wrote Ramacharitamanas.
Jahangir (1605 – 1627)
Salim was his earlier name, Akbar called him Sheik Baba.
In 1605, he came to the throne.
He was the son of Akbar and Jodabai.
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