Page 47 - General Knowledge
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GENERAL KNOWLEDGE                                                                               2019



                  In 1611, he married an Afghan widow named Mehr-un-nisa. Later he gave her the titles,
                    Noor Mahal, Noor Jahan and Padshah Begum.
                  In 1609, he received William Hawkins who came to India to obtain a trade concession.
                  In 1615, Sir Thomas Roe, the first ambassador of James - I reached Jahangir‘s court.
                  His period is called the ‗Golden age of Mughal painting‘.
                  Built Shalimar and Nishant gardens in Srinagar.
                  Anarkali was Jahangir‘s lover.
                  Jahangir wrote his autobiography as ‗Tuzukh-i-Jahangiri‘ in Persian language.
                  Died in 1627.
            Shah Jahan (1628 – 1658)
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                  Born on 5  January, 1592 in Lahore.
                  Jagat Gosain, his mother and his childhood name was Khurram.
                  Married Arjumand Banu Begum also known as Mumtaz Mahal.
                  His period is considered the ‗Golden Age of Mughal Architecture‘ and he is also known
                    as ‗Prince of Builders‘.
                  In 1631, he started the construction of Taj Mahal in memory of his wife and completed it
                    in 1653.
                  Situated on the banks of Yamuna River in Uttar Pradesh.
                  In 1658, he was imprisoned by his son Aurangzeb.
                  Died in 1666.
            Aurangzeb (1658 – 1707)
                  He imprisoned his father and made himself Padshah in 1658.
                  Also known as ‗Zinda Pir‘. Banned music and dance.
                  He was the last Mughal Emperor.
                  In 1675, 9th Sikh Guru ‗Guru Tej Behadur‘ was executed.
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                  He died on 20  February, 1707.
            THE MARATHA AGE

                  Chatrapathi Sivaji – Greatest leader of Marathas.
                  Belonged to the Bhonsle clan of Marathas.
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                  Born on 19  February, 1627 at Shivener. Son of Shaji Bhonsle and Jiga Bai.
                  Dadaji Kondadev was his tutor.
                  In 1646, he captured his first place named Torna.
                  In 1666, he visited Aurangazeb‘s court at Agra.
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                  He  crowned  himself  on  16   June,  1674  and  became  Chatrapathi  and  assumed  title
                    ‗Haidavadhasmodharak‘.
                  At the age of 53, he died in 1680.
                  Shahu became Chatrapathi in 1708.
                  There were seven Peshwas namely,
                     Balaji Vishwanath (1713-20)
                     Balaji Baji Rao I (1720 – 1740)
                     Balaji Baji Rao (1740 – 1761)
                     Madho Rao (1761 – 1772)
                     Narayan Rao (1772 – 73)
                     Madho Rao Narayan (1773 – 95)
                     Baji Rao II (1795 – 1818)
                  Of these, Baji Rao-I was ablest and Baji Rao II was weakest.
                  Peshwa – Maratha Chief Minister.
                  First Maratha War – 1775 – 82
                  Second Maratha War – 1803 – 05
                  Third Maratha War – 1816 – 19
                  Maratha script is known as Modi script.


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