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1. Effective Intelligence.
2. Reasoning Ability. Factor I
3. Organising Ability. Intellectual Factor
4. Power of Expression.

5. Social Adaptability.
Factor II
6. Co-operation.
Social Adjustment
7. Sense of Responsibility.
8. Initiative.
9. Self Confidence.
10. Speed of Decision. Factor III
11. Ability to Influence Social Effectiveness
the Group.
12. Liveliness.

13. Determination.
Factor IV
14. Courage.
Dynamism
15. Stamina.
A careful observation would reveal that the above mentioned qualities can further be brought under
two broad canopies i.e. Individual Qualities And Qualities With Reference To the Group. The above-
mentioned qualities can be rearranged as given ahead :—
Individual Qualities Qualities in Relation to Group
1 2 1 2

Intellectual Qualities Dynamism Social Adjustment Social Effectiveness
Factor I Factor IV Factor II Factor III

Lesson 6
Individual Qualities

Individual qualities are those which don’t need a social group for their effective expression while
qualities in relation to a group are quite different in nature. They cannot be seen without a background
of some social group. While solving a puzzle, a mathematical problem or other problem of such nature
the individual exhibits his own abilities. During the process of solving the problem, he is dissociated
from any group. He does not interact with others in his success or failure in problem solving. In simple
words, presence or absence of other persons around him is insignificant. Presence of other persons may
only increase or decrease his level of motivation and set. But the individual is generally free from
influence of group in a problem solving situation.
The other type of qualities is essentially in relation to some group as they necessitate interaction
with others in working out the solution. Effectiveness of a leader can never be judged in isolation.
Leadership and leader both emerge in a problematic conditions Similarly, effect of prejudices, biases
and preferences in social affiliations are seen only in social context. Probing of social qualities is an