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 Geneva        of his short stories and novels were inspired
               by his personal experiences of those years. For
 and Joseph    instance, The Heart of Darkness, the story on
               which  Francis  Ford  Coppola  based  his  film
 Conrad as     Apocalypse  Now,  builds  on  the  experience
               Conrad gained when employed by the Belgian
 father of the   company  managing  travel  on  the  Congo
               River, while the short story Youth: A narrative
 modern spy    was inspired by his trip as a second mate on a
               merchant ship to “the Orient”.
 novel:        A  feature  distinguishing  Conrad  among

 an impression  such authors in his time as Rudyard Kipling,
               who  idealized  Western  intervention  as  a
               civilizational  effort,  was  Conrad’s  staunch
               criticism of colonialism. This reflects Conrad’s
               hereditary  aversion  to  oppression  and  his
               personal observations of what was happening
               in  colonized  lands.  No  one  who  reads  The
               Heart  of  Darkness,  published  in  1899,  can
               take  the  civilizational  claim  of  colonialism
               for granted any more. “To tear treasure out of
               the bowels of the land was their desire, with   imagination of it! To me she was not an old  Joseph Conrad
 By Mario Apostolov  no more moral purpose at the back of it than   rattle-trap carting about the world a lot of coal  on the cover
               there is in burglars breaking into a safe”, says
                                                      for a freight – to me she was the endeavour,  of the Tome
                                                 1
               Marlow - Conrad’s character and alter ego.    the  test,  the  trial  of  life”,  Conrad  wrote.   Magazine,
                                                                                          2
               Yet  the  most  impressive  aspect  of  Conrad’s   Enthusiasm helps a young person overcome  7 April 1923,
 Joseph Conrad   Among  the  personalities  who  lived  and  Polish nationalist activist in the struggle for   works is their deep insight into the psychology   the  vagaries  of  life,  expecting  the  natural  by TIME
 in 1916 by Alvin   created major pieces of art in Geneva Joseph  liberation. It was due to this activism that in   of the human being. As if his stories combine   course of things to lift him up. In the story,  Magazine
 Langdon Coburn   Conrad stands out as father of the modern spy  1862, when Conrad was just four, the Tsarist   the concrete personal experience of the writer   the youth’s mindset contrasts the scepticism,
 - NYPL Digital   novel. Overall, he is one of very few writers,  regime  sent  the  family  to  Vologda,  500  km   with  an  essay  on  a  fundamental  feature  of   bordering  cynicism,  of  the  old  captain  and
 Gallery  who  became  classics  in  the  literature  of  a  north of Moscow, known for its harsh climate.   the human psyche. In the Heart of Darkness   his  first  mate,  for  whom  everything  about
 language  that  was  originally  not  their  own.  In 1865, after the return from exile, Conrad’s   Conrad explores an old approach in literature:   the trip to the Orient, which exults the young
 Critics say that despite his troubled life and  mother died of tuberculosis. In 1869 his father   sailing along a river is associated with a travel   boy, is part of an uninspiring routine at the
 fragmented  education,  Conrad  exemplified  moved  to  Krakow,  in  Austrian-held  Poland,   through  one’s  consciousness.  Youth  is  also   end  of  their  lifetime  journey.  In  my  life,  I
 the  highest  standards  of  the  genres  he  was  but  soon  after  that  he  died,  leaving  Conrad   an  example  of  Conrad’s  psychologism.  It   often  recollected  this  story.  I  apprehended,
 writing in. As for Geneva, it relates to a major  orphaned at the age of eleven.   describes the first trip of a young enthusiastic   for example, as the story of Youth the devoted
 transition  in  Conrad’s  artistic  investigation,   sailor as a second mate, longing for his first   efforts  of  some  friends,  medical  students,
 at an advanced stage of his writing career. If  Apollo  influenced  Conrad’s  interest  in   encounter  with  the  Orient.  He  is  ready  to
 we know him primarily for his short stories  literature  and  writing.  Yet  the  young  boy   accept the numerous failings of the old ship
 and novels with a nautical setting, reflecting  soon  broke  with  his  father’s  other  interests:   on which he is affected (“all rust, dust, grime   2  Conrad, Joseph. “Youth: A narrative”, Selected
                                                      Short  Stories,  Ware,  Wordsworth  Classics   997,
 the rich impressions of his seafarer experience  fervent  nationalism  and  somewhat  leftist   – soot aloft, dirt on deck”) – a barque carrying   p.75.
 around the world, the works that saw the light  revolutionary activism. Conrad left his native   coal from England to Bangkok, which finally
 of day in Geneva echoed his observations on  lands at the age of 16 to realize his dream of   catches  fire,  burns  down  and  sinks.  In  the
 life and psychology in the world of espionage.   sailing abound the world. His first stop was   background, the youth’s mind apprehends all   “For instance, The Heart of Darkness, the
 Joseph  Conrad  was  born  as  Józef  Teodor  Marseille,  where  he  enlisted  as  a  crewman   these  troubles  as  temporary  circumstances   story on which Francis Ford Coppola based
 Konrad Korzeniowski in 1857, in Berdychiv,  on a ship. Curiously, some of his first literary   on  the  way  to  greater  accomplishments.  “O
 then  in  the  Russian  Empire  and  now  attempts were in French. Circumstances later   youth! The strength of it, the faith of it, the   his film Apocalypse Now, builds on the ex-
 in  Ukraine,  into  a  family  of  rich  Polish  took him to Britain. In 1888, he reached the   perience Conrad gained when employed by
 landowners. His father, Apollo Korzeniowski,  top  of  his  seafarer’s  career  as  captain  of  a      Conrad, Joseph. The Heart of Darkness, Gut-  the Belgian company managing travel on
 was  a  writer,  translator  and,  above  all,  a  barque.  When  he  switched  to  writing,  most   tenberg Project 2006, online https://www.guten-
               berg.org/cache/epub/526/pg526.html     the Congo River...”



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