Page 281 - Grammar Explorer 2 - demo

Write about Causes and Effects

Causes: Effects:
trucks hearing loss
Situation:
noise
pollution

2 BEFORE YOU WRITE.

A Brainstorm a list of situations or events in your environment that affect you. Write a list of your
ideas in your notebook.
B Choose one of your ideas from exercise A to write about. Think of the causes of this situation
or event and its effects. Write notes in the chart. Use the chart from exercise 1C as a model.

Causes: Effects:

Situation:

3 WRITE three paragraphs about your topic and its causes and effects. Use the notes from
your chart in exercise 2B and the article in exercise 1A to help you.

WrITING FOCUS Correcting Comma Splices

A comma splice is when two independent clauses are joined by a comma without a
conjunction. To correct a comma splice, put a comma followed by a conjunction
(such as and, but, or so) between the two independent clauses.
✗ Noise pollution is all around us, it sometimes causes some very serious problems.
Independent Clause Independent Clause
✓ Noise pollution is all around us, and it sometimes causes some very serious problems.
Independent Clause Independent Clause

4 SELF ASSESS. Read your text. Circle the conjunctions and and so, and underline the adverb
clauses that show causes. Then use the checklist to assess your work.

I used and to connect ideas and so to show results. [9.1]

I used adverb phrases with because and since to show causes. [9.3]
I used commas and conjunctions to join independent clauses to avoid comma
splices. [WRITINg FOCuS]
UNIT 9 CONNECT THE GrAMMAr TO WrITING 2 61
UNIT 8 CONNECT THE GrAMMAr TO WrITING 261
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