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The present continuous                                                                                      PRESENT PARTICIPLE SPELLING RULES


                                                                                                                        The present participle is formed by adding “-ing” to the base form
                                                                                                                        of the verb. Some participles have slightly different spelling rules.
        The present continuous is used to talk about continued          See also:
        actions that are happening in the present moment.               Present simple 1   Action and state verbs 50                                       Last letter     Last letters   Last letters are consonant–vowel–consonant
        It is formed with “be” and a present participle.                Infinitives and participles 51                                                     is an “-e.”      are “-ie.”       and the final syllable is stressed.



               THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS
         The present continuous is                            This is the present simple. It describes
         used to describe a current,                          a repeated action or situation.
         continued action.
                                                                                                                              Add “-ing” to form      Leave out “e.”      Change           Double the last
                                                                                                                         regular present participles.                   “-ie” to “y.”     letter, unless it’s
                                                                                                                                                                                            “w,” “x,” or “y.”

                        The present continuous       This is the present continuous. It describes
                           uses the verb “be.”       what is happening right now.                                                                                                                              TIP
                                                                                                                        FURTHER EXAMPLES                                                                  Present participles
                                                                                                                                                                                                           follow the same
                                                                                                                                                                                                            spelling rules
                                                                                                                                                                                                             as gerunds.
         HOW TO FORM                                                                                                                                 Don’t double the last letter because
                                                                                                                                                     the final syllable is not stressed.
              SUBJECT          “AM / IS / ARE”         VERB + “-ING”                REST OF SENTENCE







                                                                    Present participle




         FURTHER EXAMPLES                                         The subject and the verb
                                                                  can be contracted.
                                                                                                                            COMMON MISTAKES STATE VERBS IN CONTINUOUS TENSES

                                                                                                                        Action verbs can be used in simple and continuous forms.
                                                                                                                        State verbs are not usually used in continuous forms.


                                                                                                                                             ACTION                                            STATE











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   016-019_Unit_4_The_Present_Continuous.indd   16                                                   02/09/2016   12:49  016-019_Unit_4_The_Present_Continuous.indd   17                                           22/07/2016   15:26
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