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4. All efforts shall be made by States involved in armed conlicts, military operations in foreign territories or
military operations in territories still under colonial domination to spare women and children from the ravages
of war. All the necessary steps shall be taken to ensure the prohibition of measures such as persecution, torture,
punitive measures, degrading treatment and violence, particularly against that part of the civilian population
that consists of women and children.


5. All forms of repression and cruel and inhuman treatment of women and children, including imprisonment,
torture, shooting, mass arrests, collective punishment, destruction of dwellings and forcible eviction, committed
by belligerents in the course of military operations or in occupied territories shall be considered criminal.


6. Women and children belonging to the civilian population and inding themselves in circumstances of emer-
gency and armed conlict in the struggle for peace, self-determination,national liberation and independence, or
who live in occupied territories, shall not be deprived of shelter, food, medical aid or other inalienable rights, in
accordance with the provisions of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on
Civil and Political Rights, the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, the Declaration
of the Rights of the Child or other instruments of international law.


United Nations Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women


The declaration mainly aims at protecting women from torture. For the purposes of this Declaration, the term
“violence against women” means any act of gender-based violence that results in, or is likely to result in, physi-
cal, sexual or psychological harm or suffering to women, including threats of such acts, coercion or arbitrary
deprivation of liberty, whether occurring in public or in private life.


Article 2

Violence against women shall be understood to encompass, but not be limited to, the following:


( a ) Physical, sexual and psychological violence occurring in the family, including battering, sexual abuse of
female children in the household, dowry-related violence, marital rape, female genital mutilation and other tra-
ditional practices harmful to women, non-spousal violence and violence related to exploitation;

( b ) Physical, sexual and psychological violence occurring within the general community, including rape,
sexual abuse, sexual harassment and intimidation at work, in educational institutions and elsewhere, traficking
in women and forced prostitution;

( c ) Physical, sexual and psychological violence perpetrated or condoned by the State, wherever it occurs.


The Declaration aims at making the world a safer destination for women and to enjoy their rights without any
encumbrances.

ACLU Women’s Rights Project


Since 1972, the ACLU Women’s Rights Project has worked to empower women and advance equality. Many
people, before and since, have contributed to our effort. The Women’s Rights Project focuses on four core areas:




Employment



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