Page 113 - Physiology and Pathophysiology MNU 2024-2025 نظرى
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Clinical pharmacy 2024/2025             Level 2 Pharm D                       Physiology and Pathophysiology (MD303)

 Countercurrent Multiplier System

 ✓  Multiplies the [interstitial fluid] and [descending
 limb fluid].
 ✓  Flow in opposite directions in the ascending and
 descending limbs.

 ✓  Close proximity of the 2 limbs:
 ✓  Allows interaction.
 ✓  Positive feedback.




 Osmolality of Different Regions of the Kidney





























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