Page 62 - Physiology and Pathophysiology MNU 2024-2025 نظرى

Clinical pharmacy 2024/2025 Level 2 Pharm D Physiology and Pathophysiology (MD303)

Characters of neurons

1) Synthesis chemical energy (ATP) only from glucose [Unlike many other cells] ➔ (↓ glucose cause
Attentional deficiency)

2) Cannot divide.

3) They need a continuous supply of oxygen and glucose for survival.
4) Irritability and conductivity:

Conductivity Irritability

 Ability to transmit an impulse.  Ability to initiate nerve impulses in response to stimuli

 Source of stimuli

Outside the body Inside the body
e.g., touch and light waves e.g., change in the concentration of CO2 in blood ➔ alters respiration

(a thought may result in voluntary movement.) " trough
chemoreceptor" ➔ (response to both electrical & Chemical stimuli)

Types of stimulation

Electrical Chemical

 in that motor neurons and  in the transmission of impulses between one neuron and the next or

sensory nerve endings between a neuron and an effector organ.
initiate nerve impulses.  Ex: CO2 ➔ HCO3 ➔ change PH of blood ➔ this is considering

chemical stimuli

Synaptic transmission

✓ site at which the impulse is transmitted from one cell to the next, neuron may terminate on a
muscle cell, glandular cell, or another neuron.

presynaptic neuron post synaptic neuron

transmits the impulse toward transmits the impulse away from the synapse.

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