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position, the honour, and his rights and also may not by means

of the mediation (intervention) of a person already dead,

whether it be a righteous person or a walīy, such as (in the
manner of): ‘I perform dufiā√ to You O Allāh by means of the

tawassul (intermediary) of Your Prophet or Your walīy’ or by

means of saying: ‘Ya Rabbi bil Muṣṭafa balligh maqāṣidana’
(O my Lord, by means of the intercession of the selected

Prophet, convey our meanings) and others such as these.

Making dufiā√ with tawassul such as these has no example
whatsoever from amongst the Ṣaḥābat  and the Messenger of

Allāh  and they are bidfiah. We are only permitted to make
tawassul within dufiā√ by means of tawassul that is lawful, and

that is of three kinds:

1. Tawassul by means of √Asmā√-ul Ḥusnā (most beautiful
names of Allāh) and His most high qualities.

∩⊇∇⊃∪ ... ( $pκÍ5 çνθãã÷Š$$sù 4©o_ó¡çtø:$# â™!$oÿôœF{$# ¬!uρ

And (all) the most beautiful names belong to Allāh, so call on Him

177
by them,..
2. Tawassul by means of our righteous deeds that we have

carried out with ikhlāṣ.

3. Tawassul by means of the dufiā√ of a righteous person who
is still alive.

177 Sūrah Al Afirāf (7), ayāh 180.
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