Page 28 - Pharmacognosy-II (06-PG 303)

6- Dill (Fructus Anethi)

It is the dried ripe fruits of Anethum graveolens L. family Umbelliferae.

Constituents : 2-5% volatile oil mainly consists of carvone.
Uses : treatment of dyspepsia, gastritis, flatulence and stomach ach.

7- Caraway (Fructus Carvi)

It is the dried ripe fruits of Carum carvi L. family Umbelliferae.

Constituents : 3-7% volatile oil mainly consists of carvone.
Uses : carminative, flavouring agent, antispasmodic anti-flatulence in infant

preparation.

8- Hemlock (Fructus Conii)

Hemlock (Conium) is the dried unripe fruits of Conium maculatum L.
family Umbelliferae.

It is poisonous fruit grayish-green in colour, broadly ovoid and slightly
laterally compressed, about 3 mm long and bears a small stylopod with the
remains of the stigma. Each mericarp has 5 paler prominent primary ridges
which are irregularly enlarged at intervals giving them a wavy appearance.

There are no conspicuous vittae in the mesocarp.
The endocarp is developed as a well defined dark layer of brown cells
containing alkaloids and called coniine layer.

Constituents :

It contains steam volatile alkaloids coniine about (1-2.5%).
N.B.: When Hemlock is treated with solution of potassium hydroxide it
develops a strong bad mouse-like odour owing to the liberation of the
alkaloid coniine.

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