Page 11 - Dosage 1-part2 -ebook_Neat

30/10/2025, 00:02 Pharmaceutical Solutions & Sterile Dosage Forms

Components of Solutions

Drug (API)

The drug could be a small molecule like Paracetamol, or a large molecule, such as
insulin or an antibodies

The drug is present as molecules or ions throughout the solvent

The drug concentration in a pharmaceutical solution is below its saturation solubility to
avoid the possibility of drug precipitating out of the solvent as a result of subsequent
temperature changes during storage and use

Vehicle (Solvent) Non-aqueous (alcohol, oil)

Aqueous (water)

Water is the most common solvent used in
preparation of pharmaceutical solutions.

All the components of a solution are dispersed as molecules or ions, and the solution is
optically clear.

Solutions can be prepared by simple mixing of the solutes with the solvent system.

In industry, solutions are prepared in large mixing vessels which are thermostatically
controlled(desired specific temperature).

Aqueous vehicles

Water is the vehicle used for most pharmaceutical preparations

It is widely available, inexpensive, palatable, non-toxic for oral use, and non-irritant for
external use.
It is also a good solvent for many ionizable drugs.

Different types of water have been defined related to its purity: (Tap water, Purified water, water
for injection)

What about use of tab water in pharmaceutical sols ??!! 8/77

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