Page 20 - phytochemistry I - PharmD Clinical

Uses:
 Treatment of peptic and duodenal ulcer.

2- Lactulose

4-O-(β-D galactpyranosyl) D-fructofuranose
Source:
 Lactulose is a semisynthetic sugar prepared by alkaline rearrangement of

lactose.
 It yields fructose and galactose upon hydrolysis.
Uses:

1- Used in chronic constipation in a dose of 10-20 g.
2- The most significant therapeutic use of this sugar is to decrease the blood
ammonia concentration in portal-systemic encephalopathy.

Polysaccharides

Homopolysaccharides

 Polysaccharides containing only monosaccharide units.

Starch

Occurrence:
 Although starch is widely distributed in the plant kingdom, relatively
few plants provide starch on larger scale; corn and other cereals,
such as rice and wheat, contribute to the world’s supply.

Chemical Composition:
A- Amylose (10-20%)
 It is a linear molecule composed of 250-300 D-glucopyranose units uniformly

linked α-I,4 glucosidic linkage.
 It is hot water-soluble and gives with iodine a deep blue complex.

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