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prevalence of poverty and malnutrition in India. understand TB issues and take necessary actions.
Fourth, Co-morbidities. The disease’s prognosis in The major findings of India Tuberculosis report 2024
patients with diabetes, HIV, Smoking and Chronic by Health ministry said that notified TB patients were
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is even poorer. 25.52 lakh in 2023(increase from 24.22 lakh cases in
As these co-morbidities increase respiratory infections, 2022), 67% reporting of cases done by the public
increases complications, decreases recovery potential, sector and 33% from private sector, treatment success
and increases disease morbidity and mortality. In a rate among notified drug resistant TB is 65%. Talking
study in Chennai in 2012 it was found that prevalence of achievements, Target of initiating treatment in
of Diabetes in TB patients was around 25% showing the 95% of patients diagnosed with the infection was
strong affinity of both. achieved in 2023, Decline of incidence of TB was 16% in
comparison to 2015, Reduction in mortality was 18% in
Fifth, High Treatment costs. The government provides comparison to 2015, Increase in proportion of notified
free TB treatment but poor accessibility compels one TB patients receiving financial support through Direct
to resort to private sector for treatment. The cost varies Benefit Transfer (DBT) was 70% (as against a target of
from 25,000 to 30,000 rupees and can go even higher 90% by 2023).
in cases of Drug-resistant TB where basic TB medicines
fail. WHO says India has the highest incidence burden The nation is working towards TB free India but there
of MDR (multi drug resistance) TB in the world causing are further steps that need to be taken like enabling
patients and their families early detection by
suffer financially too. ramping up health
infrastructure,
Sixth, High drop-out rates. Precise treatment
Inability to complete the categorization such as
full TB treatment course resistant status at the
due to migration, absence beginning of treatment,
of regular follow up and Ensuring regular follow
poor compliance by patient up, Strengthening
prevents the cure of nutritional support
disease and only promotes to patients, Dynamic
severe relapse of disease. Notification system for
After knowing the improved notification
challenges, it is also system to capture
important to know what real-time TB data,
government is doing to Decentralization of TB
control tuberculosis. The service delivery to the
National Tuberculosis level of ‘ Ayushman
Elimination Programme (NTEP) aims to reduce TB Arogya Mandirs’, Increase investment in TB (every dollar
burden by 2025, five years ahead of global target spent on screening of TB , there is potential benefit of
of 2030 (to reduce TB incidence by 80%, TB deaths $39- WHO).
by 90% and reduce TB affected families facing
catastrophic cost). We also ‘TB Haarega Desh Jeetega’ Hence the path to TB elimination in India requires
campaign to promote awareness about the disease. concerted effort to prioritize individual centeric care,
Nikshay (Ni = end, Kshay= TB) portal has been address social determinants of health and embrace
launched by the government to keep track of patients. innovation. By adopting a holistic approach, India
Nikshay Poshan Abhiyaan has been launched to can overcome the barriers that stand in the way of TB
provide financial incentive for TB patients registered control and create a healthier future for all its citizens.
on Nikshay portal. PM TB Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan
launched for additional patient support, augment
community involvement and leverage Corporate Social
Responsibility (CSR) activities. TB Mukt Panchayat
initiative for empowering panchayati raj institutions to