Page 162 - 2023 PPIAC RMIC BOOK

CIVIL FRAUD

•An act of intentional deception designed to

exploit a victim

•Promissory Estoppel

CRIMINAL FRAUD = WHITE COLLAR CRIME

• Proving that fraud has taken place requires the perpetrator to have committed specific acts.
First, the perpetrator has to provide a false statement as a material fact. Second, the
perpetrator had to have known that the statement was untrue. Third, the perpetrator had to
have intended to deceive the victim. Fourth, the victim has to demonstrate that they relied
on the false statement. And fifth, the victim had to have suffered damages as a result of
acting on the intentionally false statement.

• “STATEMENT” = WORDS OR DOCUMENT

• "White-collar crime" is a term first coined by sociologist Edwin Sutherland in 1949 who
defined it as a crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status during
his occupation. White-collar workers historically held non-laboring office positions
while blue-collar workers traditionally wore blue shirts and worked in plants, mills, and
factories.