Page 82 - Exhibit No. 3 Copies of Instructional Materials Actually Used

1. Qualitative analysis which as the term implies, is not
based on precise measurement and quantitative claims.
Social analysis is frequently qualitative because the
understanding of the phenomenon itself does not lend
itself to precise measurement.
2. Quantitative analysis is employed on data that have been
assigned some numerical value, examination of simple
frequencies to the description statistics, and to the
investigation of correlation and casual hypothesis using
various statistical tests.

Saavedra (1997) gives some guidelines in the presentation,
analysis and interpretation of data:
1. The chapter is organized and divided into several main
components or topics, each of which is titled according
to the sub-problem or hypothesis statement.
2. Present only relevant data. Individually scored raw data
should not be reported in the text. If these need to be
included at all, they should be placed in appendix.
3. In reporting data, choose the medium that will present
them effectively. It will be helpful to summarize the
results and analysis through tables or figures.
4. Do not repeat the same data in several places and do not
include tables with data that can be presented as well
in a few sentences in the text.
5. The textual presentation should supplement or expand the
contents of tables and charts, rather than duplicate
them.
6. Only objective data embodied in tables are made the
bases of discussion. Highly opinionated and sweeping
statements should be avoided.
7. The analysis of the data should be objective and logical.
Make a careful distinction between fact and opinion.
Facts, not opinions, should prevail.
8. In analyzing and interpreting data, point out those that
are consistent or inconsistent with the theory presented
in the studies theoretical framework. There are three
levels of interpretation:
a. Based on inferences and deductions
b. Based on documented evidences, supporting or
contradicting the findings of study.
c. Based on the researcher’s insightful
interpretation using implications and synthesis.
9. In reporting statistical tests of significance, include
information concerning the value of test, the degree of
freedom, the probability level, and the direction of the
effect.

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Nursing Research I