Page 22 - BOOK OF PROGRAM ICAGRI 2

Second, the problem of poverty and inequality. In 2017, the percentage of
poverty in rural areas (13.47 percent) was higher than in urban areas (7.26
percent) concentrated in Eastern Indonesia. Development in Indonesia has
not fairly and evenly happened between regions. For more than 30 years,
contribution of Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) from the Western
Indonesian Region – which covers Sumatra, Java and Bali –is very dominant,
which is around 80 percent of GDP, while the Eastern Indonesia Region
contributes only 20 percent.

Third, the issue of hunger. National stunting prevalence is still high at 30.8
percent (2018), down from before that reached 37.2 percent in 2013 (Ministry
of Health 2013; Ministry of Health 2018), where at that period stunting
prevalence of Indonesia was higher than other countries in Southeast Asia,
such as Myanmar (35 percent), Vietnam (23 percent), and Thailand (16
percent) (FAO 2018). The Global Hunger Index (GHI) in 2016 showed that the
status of "hunger" in Indonesia was in the category of "alarming" with a score
range of 35.0-49.9; together with Cambodia, Laos and Timor Leste.

The described issues and problems in development are part of a complex and
interrelated system. Therefore, it requires a transformation of the
development paradigm oriented to ecological, economic and social
sustainability. In line with these, agro-maritime resources have a central role
in resolving development problems in developing countries, especially
Indonesia. The influence of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) that drives
the development of digital technology in various aspects of life, including the
agro-maritime sectors, also needs to be responded carefully and intelligently,
especially for tackling environmental and climate change related impacts.

© 2020 ICAGRI - The 2nd International Conference on Agriculture and Bioindustry (ICAGRI), 19
Agriculture Faculty, Universitas Syiah Kuala. All Rights Reserved