Page 230 - THE MELANESIA DIASPORA FILE CETAK ISI 10022017

The Semite and the Caucasoid met in one ecoregion or ecotone to compete. The
competition would then further migration. The migration was because competition had
created the east Indo-European to settle in Iran. The Hettit or Asian Turks inhabited the
Anatolian peninsula. In the Nile Valley in around 2,000 BC a competition between the
Hamite and the Semite arose. The seizure of the fertile ecoregion became the origin of
a dispute. The fertility or arid of ecoregions is influenced by the geological conditions
(geomorphology) and climatology.
Between 30,000-15,000 BC, the Mongoloids migrated into the American continent
following the land paths formed by geology. At that time, the Earth was in the grip of a
great ice age. The surface of sea was very low because became locked up in polar ice. The
Bering Strait which now separates Eurasia and America, at that time was a land bridge
which was covered with snow. This land bridge was traversed by the Mongoloids from Asia.
After entering America through the land bridge formed by geology, the migrants
moved further into America. Some turned to the east towards the Hudson Bay in the
region of Canada right now and they became the Eskimo. Some continued their trip to the
south through the hills of Rocky Mountains and Andes Mountains and some others spread
out to the regions in the east up to Appalachia Mountains to become the Indians in North
America (for example the tribes of Mojave, Dakota, Apache, Cherokee), in Central America
(the Mayan), and in South America (the Incan). All of those Eskimo and Indians were of
Mongoloid race.
The new advancement in genetics (molecular biology) has helped the human beings’
migration map through the land and seas formed by geology. Here are some new conclusions:

1. African Cradle. Most paleoanthropologists and geneticists agree that modern
human beings (Homo Sapiens) appeared around 200,000 years ago in Africa. The
earliest fossils of modern human beings were found in Omo Kibish, Ethiopia. The
place is now registered as a UN World Heritage site. The oldest fossil outside Africa
was found in Israel but this group seemed not to migrate further and became
extinct around 90,000 years ago.
2. Out of Africa. The genetic data showed that a small group of modern human
beings left Africa for good between 70,000-50,000 years ago and finally replaced
all of the previous human species such as the Neanderthals. All of the non-African
nations right now are the descendants of these first migrants who had migrated to
the north of the Red Sea or went across its narrow crack in the south.

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