Page 126 - “O‘ZBEKISTON – 2030 STRATEGIYASI: AMALGA OSHIRILAYOTGAN ISLOHOTLAR TAHLILI, MUAMMOLAR VA YECHIMLAR”

It is essential, however, to ensure energy accessibility and reliability, as energy is
one of the key foundations of modern civilization. The green economy aims to build
an energy sector capable of providing sustainable energy supplies with minimal
climate impact while also boosting the development of related industries, such as
energy storage, smart grids, and electric vehicle infrastructure.
Below is an example of an economic calculation related to the implementation
of green technologies (renewable energy)
Initial data for the calculation:
1. Project: Construction of a 10 MW solar power plant.
2. Capital Expenditures (CapEx): USD 10 million (one-time in Year 0).
3. Operating Expenses (OpEx): USD 100,000 per year.
4. Average output: 15,000 MWh per year.
5. Wholesale electricity selling price: USD 0.08/kWh (USD 80/MWh).
6. Project lifespan: 20 years.
7. Discount rate: 5% per annum.
Annual Revenue Calculation:
Annual revenue from electricity sales: 15,000 MWh/year × USD 80/MWh = USD
1,200,000/year.
Annual Cash Flow Calculation:
Annual Cash Flow (CF) = Revenue – Operating ExpensesCF = USD 1,200,000 –
USD 100,000 = USD 1,100,000 per year
(For simplicity, taxes, depreciation, and other factors are not considered.)
Net Present Value (NPV) Calculation:
NPV = – CapEx + Σ (CF / (1 + r) ᵗ), where r = 0.05 (5%), t is the year number.
For a constant cash flow (annuity), NPV can be simplified as:
NPV = –10,000,000 + 1,100,000 × [(1 – (1 + 0.05) ⁻²⁰) / 0.05]
First, calculate the annuity present value factor:
1 – (1 + 0.05) ⁻²⁰ = 1 – (1.05) ⁻²⁰.
(1.05) ²⁰ ≈ 2.6533
Therefore, (1.05) ⁻²⁰ = 1/2.6533 ≈ 0.377
1 – 0.377 = 0.623
Where: 0.623 / 0.05 = 12.46
NPV = –10,000,000 + (1,100,000 × 12.46) = –10,000,000 + 13,706,000= USD
3,706,000
A positive NPV indicates the project is economically feasible under the given
assumptions and discount rate.
Internal Rate of Return (IRR) Calculation:
For simplicity, we can approximate the IRR. Since NPV is positive at 5%, the IRR
is higher than 5%. If we assume that at 10% the NPV would drop to zero, the IRR lies
between 5% and 10%. Accurate calculation would require several iterations or the use
of specialized financial tools.
Under the given conditions, the construction of a 10 MW solar power plant
demonstrates a positive net present value, and therefore is economically viable.
Although this example is simplified, the approach to calculating NPV and IRR is
commonly applied in real-world green economy projects to inform investment
decisions [10].
Another important aspect of the green economy is sustainable agriculture and 123
food security. Modern agro-industrial production methods involve the extensive use

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