Page 35 - Pharmaceutical_Analytical_Chemistry_1_Theoretical_Notes_Level_1 2024-2025

Mansoura National University
Pharm D-Clinical Pharmacy Program Level 1 Pharm. Anal. Chem. 1 (PC 101)

II. Normality (Normal concentration) (N)

Definition ❑ Number of equivalent weights of solute per 1 liter of solution.

Law Normality = =

2 N NaOH means 2 equivalent weight of NaOH / 1L solution.

Example Wt of solute
Number of equivalent weights =
Equiv. wt of solute

❑ An equivalent weight: is the weight of substance that is equivalent in its reactive
power to one mole of hydrogen.

✓ For acids and bases, the number of reacting units is based on the number of
protons (i.e., hydrogen ions) an acid will furnish, or a base will react with.

❑ Equiv. wt.= . .
+
(a) For acids
Ex. Equiv. wt. of H SO = M. wt. of H SO /2 = 98/2= 49 g H SO
2 4 2 4 2 4

−
❑ Equiv. wt.= . .
(b) For bases
Ex. Equiv. wt. of NaOH = M. wt. of NaOH /1 = 40/1= 40 g NaOH

Calculate the normality of NaOH solution formed by dissolving 0.2 g
NaOH to make 250 mL solution. (Molecular weight of NaOH=40 g)

Normality = = V= 250 mL

Molecular wt. = 40
Equivalent weight of NaOH = − M. wt. of NaOH = 40 = 40 g
No of OH in one molecule of NaOH 1
Weight= 0.2 g
Number of equivalent weights of NaOH = Wt of solute = 0.2 = 0.005
Equiv. wt of solute 40 Normality= ??
Normality = . = 0.02 N
.

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